BACKGROUND Increased plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) levels lead to impaired fibrinolytic function associated with higher cardiovascular risk. PAI-1 expression may be regulated by different inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1alpha (IL-1). Several polymorphisms have been described in the PAI-1 gene. AIM We examined the influence of the 4G/5G polymorphism in the promoter region...

Context: Statins are administered to decrease atherosclerosis in patients with coronary heart disease. These drugs enhance the risk of diabetes by affecting islets insulin secretion. Objectives: Therefore, this systematic review investigates effect statins on secretion Langerhans related original studies. Methods: A preliminary search was performed PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, and ProQuest data...

P atients who survive an acute coronary syndrome (ACS; myocardial infarction [MI] or unstable angina) are at a high risk of recurrent events. In this context, recent data from observational, as well as from randomised clinical trials, support an early benefit from statins started during hospital admission for an ACS in addition to improving long-term compliance with statin therapy. The Myocardi...

OBJECTIVE MHC class II molecules play central roles in immune recognition and rejection. As statins have been shown to inhibit the production of these molecules, we analyzed the possible immunosuppressive effect of pravastatin, using our rat model of orthotopic lung transplantation. METHODS Single orthotopic lung transplantation was performed in a Fischer 344-to-Wistar Kyoto strain combinatio...

Pravastatin sodium is a 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase blocker used in the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia. We report on a patient who developed bilateral pleural effusions while he was being treated with the drug. The patient was a 60-yr-old male, a nonsmoker who was under treatment with 40 mg?day pravastatin since September 2005. He had no history of allergy or significant envir...

BACKGROUND Data from Western comparative trials suggest that rosuvastatin is more effective than atorvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin in helping hypercholesterolemic patients achieve US and European lipid-lowering guidelines. The purpose of this analysis was to assess the comparative efficacy of rosuvastatin in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to levels recommended by ...

BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolic events (VTE), including deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, are common in older age. It has been suggested that statins might reduce the risk of VTE however positive results from studies of middle aged subjects may not be generalisable to elderly people. We aimed to determine the effect of pravastatin on incident VTE in older people; we also studied t...

There is epidemiologic evidence that the hydrophilic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor pravastatin increases the incidence of some extrahepatic cancers, although this finding has been attributed to chance. We hypothesize that pravastatin is able to promote the development of cancer by causing an induction of HMG-CoA reductase and, hence, mevalonate synthesis in extrah...

Although diabetes is a major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), limited data describe the cardiovascular benefit of hydroxymethyl glutaryl CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) in people with both of these conditions. This study sought to determine whether pravastatin reduced the incidence of first or recurrent cardiovascular events in people with non-dialysis-dependent CKD and concomitant dia...

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a condition of total cholesterol level >200 mg/dL and LDL >130 mg/dL. HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-ethylglutaryl-coenzyme A) reductase an enzyme that has role in biosynthesis. Hence, inhibition this led to the decrement level. The extract Kersen leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) known contain flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, phenolic, alkaloids. Flavonoi...