This study aimed to construct indices of living standards in rural Bangladesh that could be useful to study health outcomes or identify target populations for poverty-alleviation programmes. The indices were constructed using principal component analysis of data on household assets and house construction materials. Their robustness and use was tested and found to be internally consistent and co...

The use of asset indices in welfare analysis and poverty targeting is increasing, especially in cases in which data on expenditures are unavailable or hard to collect. We compare alternative approaches to welfare measurement. Our analysis shows that inferences about inequalities in education, health care use, fertility, and child mortality, as well as labor market outcomes, are quite robust to ...

This review attempts to respond to the following questions: i) what are the main poverty indices in use? ii) where are the poor in Europe? iii) what are the specific needs of the poor in Europe? iv) which policies need to be put in place to address the needs of the poor? v) what is being done to address the needs of the poor at national and regional levels? vi) how does/can agricultural researc...

Among several viable explanations for the ubiquitous SES-health gradient is differential exposure to environmental risk. We document evidence of inverse relations between income and other indices of SES with environmental risk factors including hazardous wastes and other toxins, ambient and indoor air pollutants, water quality, ambient noise, residential crowding, housing quality, educational f...

This paper focuses on the targeting accuracy of NREG in two Indian states, Madhya Pradesh (MP) and Tamil Nadu (TN), based on household data for 2008–09. In order to overcome the difficulties arising from the use of a headcount index and a specific poverty threshold, stochastic dominance tests are used. Madhya Pradesh demonstrated much better targeting than Tamil Nadu in terms of the FGT class o...

Materials and methods Statistical analysis of infant mortality and social determinants data using correlations, factor analysis and multiple regressions were undertaken in order to examine the collective influence of a range of social determinants indices on variations observed in infant mortality. Determinants of infant mortality in Malaysia tested in this study include GDP per capita, poverty...

Economic growth is one indicator of development. Factors that are thought to be capable influencing economic include the human development index, income, poverty, investment, and unemployment. So it needs analyzed achieve sustainable This study aims analyze effect unemployment on growth. The research method used descriptive quantitative with panel data regression analysis. consists six province...