The separation of intradomain and interdomain routing is a key feature of the Internet routing architecture. However, intradomain routing protocols such as OSPF and IS-IS do have a (sometimes significant) influence on the path-selection process in Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). In this paper, we argue that researchers should revisit the “interface” between the two tiers of the Internet routing ...

Trichothecenes are an important class of mycotoxins that act as potent protein synthesis inhibitors in eukaryotic organisms. The compound 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol is highly toxic for plants and animals. Potatoes are especially prone to be contaminated with 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol after infection with Fusarium sambucinum. In the current study, the reduction of 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol during therm...

OBJECTIVE The goal was to examine the relationship between age at the introduction of solid foods during the first year of life and allergic sensitization in 5-year-old children. METHODS We analyzed data from the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention nutrition study, a prospective, birth cohort study. We studied 994 children with HLA-conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mel...

UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY The taxonomy of cultivated potatoes has been highly controversial, with estimates of species numbers ranging from 3 to 17. Ploidy level has been one of the most important taxonomic characters to recognize cultivated potato species, containing diploid (2n = 2x = 24), triploid (2n = 3x = 36), tetraploid (2n = 4x = 48), and pentaploid (2n = 5x = 60) cultivars. We...

CHIPS 38 Geographic distribution Early blight is widespread in most areas where potatoes or tomatoes are grown, but is especially prevalent in the tropics and temperate zones. The disease is a potential threat where potatoes are grown under irrigation or during times of heavy dew. Early blight is prevalent in all provinces in South Africa and is a limiting factor in production in late summer. E...