Early and prolonged skin-to-skin contact (SSC) after birth between a mother and her newborn has been shown to generate beneficial effects on mother-infant relationship and breastfeeding. SSC may ease the infant’s transition to extra uterine life and helps to regulate the infant’s body temperature and nursing behavior. However, reports of sudden unexpected postnatal collapse (SUPC) soon after bi...

BACKGROUND There are increasing efforts to monitor progress in maternal and neonatal care, with household surveys the main mode of data collection. Postnatal care (PNC) is considered a priority indicator yet few countries report on it, and the need to improve the construct validity associated with PNC questions is recognized. OBJECTIVES To determine women's knowledge of what happens to the ba...

BACKGROUND Evidence regarding the independent and additive effects of both pre- and postnatal smoking exposure on the risk of wheeze in children is limited. The purpose of this prospective pregnancy birth cohort study was to examine the association between prenatal and postnatal tobacco smoke exposure during the first year of life and the risk of wheeze in Japanese children aged 23 to 29 months...

OBJECTIVE To identify prenatal, perinatal and postnatal risk factors in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by comparing them to their siblings without autistic disorders. METHOD The present study is cross sectional and comparative. It was conducted over a period of three months (July-September 2014). It included 101 children: 50 ASD's children diagnosed according to DSM-5 criteria a...

We discuss the time course of postnatal development of selected neurotransmitter receptors in motoneurons that innervate respiratory pump and accessory respiratory muscles, with emphasis on other than classic respiratory signals as important regulatory factors. Functions of those brainstem motoneurons that innervate the pharynx and larynx change more dramatically during early postnatal developm...

OBJECTIVES To determine the longitudinal trends of middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA PSV) in fetuses with mild or moderate hemolytic disease according to the need for postnatal therapy. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING University referral center. SAMPLE Twenty-three fetuses from singleton alloimmunized pregnancies. METHODS Serial measurements of MCA PSV were per...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential value of antenatally determined total fetal lung volume (TFLV) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the prediction of the postnatal survival in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). METHODS We examined fetuses with isolated CDH, in which MRI was used at 22-38 weeks of gestation to measure TFLV and assess intrathoracic herniation of abdominal viscera,...

OBJECTIVE Assess the current BCG vaccination policies and delivery pathways for immunisation in Primary Care Trusts (PCTs) in England since the 2005 change in recommendations. DESIGN A survey of key informants across PCTs using a standardised, structured questionnaire. SETTING 152 PCTs in England. RESULTS Complete questionnaires were returned from 127 (84%) PCTs. Sixteen (27%) PCTs report...

introduction: motor behavior and coordination impairment are known side effects of opioid treatment, yet very few studies have investigated the effects of tramadol on motor behavior, or compared its effect with the effect of an opioid. this study investigates the effects of chronic injection of morphine and tramadol on rat motor function during infancy. methods: neonate rats (n=56) were randoml...

OBJECTIVE This study compared the efficacy of routine clinical evaluation with that of screening with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for the detection of postpartum depression in a residency training program practice. STUDY DESIGN Three hundred ninety-one patients during a period of 1 year were assigned according to delivery date to screening for postpartum depression with the Edinb...