Background Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) is one of the main causes of serious complications and death in preterm infants. Both Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (NCPAP) and Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV) are known as the most common treatment strategies for IRDS. The present study intended to compare NCPAP and NIPPV in the treatment of preterm inf...

OBJECTIVE To detail the history, modes, physiological effects, and circuit geometry of non-invasive ventilation. DATA SOURCES A review of articles published in peer-reviewed journals from 1966 to 1998 and identified through a MEDLINE search on non-invasive ventilation. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has been used for many years as an adjunct to standard therapy in patients...

INTRODUCTION We were able to treat a patient with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who also suffered from sleep-disordered breathing by using the average volume-assured pressure support mode of a Respironics V60 Ventilator (Philips Respironics: United States). This allows a target tidal volume to be set based on automatic changes in inspiratory positive airway pressur...

four patients were studied for intercostals nerve blockade in cholecystectomy. all of the patients were poor risks (class 4) and received premedication before the procedure. intercostals nerve blockade (icnb) of the 7th and 10th thoracic nerves on the right side was performed with lidocaine 1% plus adrenaline 5 ml. at each segment, t7-t10 (a total dose of 20 ml). ventilation was controlled usin...

A 13 yr old male with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who received bilevel positive airway pressure ventilation via a face mask for post-transplant pneumonitis developed subcutaneous emphysema, radiographic evidence of pulmonary interstitial emphysema, pneumomediastinum and 6 h later, right hemiparesis and focal livedo reticularis. This case illustrates that severe barotrauma may complicate nonin...

A WATER RETENTION SYNDROME, has been described by Sladen 1 et al. in 19 per cent of patients, following prolonged mechanical ventilation. They suggested that changes in left atrial pressure, secondary to intermittent positive pressure ventilation (I.P.P.V.) caused an increase in plasma anti-diuretic hormone with resultant water retention. In studies of plasma anti-dluretic activity of anaesthet...

Intermittent mechanical ventilation via nasal CPAP mask was provided to 13 patients admitted to this institution for exacerbation of chronic respiratory failure. Ten suffered from COPD, two suffered from obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), and one from severe hypothyroidism. All except one presented with dyspnea and hypercapnia due solely to progression of their underlying disease processes...

Background Non-invasive ventilation is increased used in preterm infants. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nIPPV) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) after less invasive surfactant administration (LISA). Materials and Methods In this clinical trial, eighty ...

At present, exogenous surfactant replacement therapy and mechanical ventilation (MV) remain the ‘Standard of Care’ while treating such infants. However, this requires endotracheal intubation – an invasive procedure associated with complications. Moreover, the skills required to intubate very small babies are not universally available and may vary among the healthcare professionals even in devel...

Current devices for providing noninvasive respiratory support contain sensors and built-in intelligence for automatically modifying ventilation according to the patient's needs. These devices, including automatic continuous positive airway pressure devices and noninvasive ventilators, are technologically complex and offer a considerable number of different modes of ventilation and setting optio...