A review of how simulation and optimisation techniques have been applied to help and improve the management of intermodal container terminals is presented. The paper does not provide a detailed list of references and of existing software packages, since it would be very hard for such a list to be complete and exhaustive. This paper aims to identify the major problem classes whose instances can ...

background & objectives: cancer is a serious problem for human being and is becoming a serious problem day-by-day .a prerequisite for any therapeutic modality is early diagnosis. automated cancer diagnosis by automatic image feature extraction procedures can be used as a feature extraction in the field of fractal dimension. the aim of this survey was to introduce a quantitative and objectiv...

we study the history and recent developments in nonelementarymodel theory focusing on the framework of abstractelementary classes. we discuss the role of syntax and semanticsand the motivation to generalize first order model theory to nonelementaryframeworks and illuminate the study with concrete examplesof classes of models. this first part introduces the main conceps and philosophies anddiscu...

Psychological studies have shown that emotion and affect influence learning. We employ these findings in a machine-learning metaparameter context, and dynamically couple an adaptive agent’s artificial affect to its action-selection mechanism (Boltzmann β). The agent’s performance on two important learning problems is measured. The first consists of learning to cope with two alternating goals. T...

Apoptosis is a programmed cell death and a highly organized physiological mechanism to destroy injured or abnormal cells. Apoptotic cells exhibit remarkable morphological features and characteristic molecular expression. Apart from physiological stimuli there are exogenous factors which can contribute to induce apoptosis. The induction of apoptosis in tumour cells is considered very useful in t...

This study concerns decentralized control of interconnected positive systems. The main issue is how to design a controller for each subsystem locally so that positivity and stability of the overall interconnected system can be attained. Under a specific interconnection structure, we will show that such a controller can be designed optimally without any information about the rest of the positive...

Spiral-shaped canyons on the polar ice caps of Mars are striking morphological features whose explanation is still mysterious. We pose a model for the kinetics at the ice-atmosphere interface based on the positive feedback properties of both dust and ice albedo within the north polar ice cap, together with katabatic wind transport of exposed dust. Analysis of this model indicates that traveling...

A detailed mathematical analysis is undertaken of solitary wave solutions of a system of coupled NLS equations describing second harmonic generation in optical materials with (2) nonlinearity. The so called bright-bright case is studied exclusively. The system depends on a single dimension-less parameter which includes both wave and material properties. Using variational methods, the rst rigoro...

In this paper we study a mathematical model arising from crop raiding of large-bodied mammals living in the bio-diversity-rich tropics. The topic is important because it involves highly threaten species that can cause significant economic damage and be killed in retribution. The mathematical model consists of a non-local spatially heterogeneous parabolic problem of logistic type. Our main analy...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the validity of the fixed mathematical relationship between the annual risk of tuberculous infection (ARTI), the prevalence of smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) and the incidence of smear-positive TB specified as the Styblo rule, which TB control programmes use to estimate the incidence of TB disease at a population level and the case detection rate. METHODS Population-ba...