This article discusses the information-structural status and the syntax of left and right dislocation constructions in Dutch. Four orthogonal information-structural features are proposed, and their distribution is systematically investigated. Furthermore, it is argued that hanging topic left dislocation, backgrounding right dislocation and afterthoughts are a particular kind of parenthesis. The...

Are CEOs’ attitudes and beliefs linked to their firms’ innovative performance? This paper uses Malmendier and Tate’s measure of overconfidence, based on CEO stockoption exercise, to study the relationship between a CEO’s “revealed beliefs” about future performance and standard measures of corporate innovation. We begin by developing a career concern model where CEOs innovate to provide evidence...

This paper builds a framework for analyzing models with multiple time-varying treatments when selection into treatment is sequential and varies across treatment statuses. The key challenge is to separate the time-varying effect of treatment from dynamic selection into treatment based on unobservables. To address this problem, we develop a method that is a hybrid between a control function and a...

This paper presents unique evidence that orphanhood matters in the long-run for health and education outcomes, in a region of Northwestern Tanzania. We study a sample of 718 nonorphaned children surveyed in 1991-94, who were traced and reinterviewed as adults in 2004. A large proportion, 19 percent, lost one or more parents before the age of 15 in this period, allowing us to assess permanent he...

Objective To compare the reported effect sizes of cardiovascular biomarkers in datasets from observational studies with those in datasets from randomised controlled trials. Design Review of meta-analyses. Study selectionMeta-analyses of emerging cardiovascular biomarkers (not part of the Framingham risk score) that included datasets from at least one observational study and at least one randomi...

The aim of this study was to illustrate the potential for confounding when interpreting group mean data from systematic reviews for a heterogeneous participant population. A case report comparing the results obtained from a Cochrane review and meta-analysis compared to an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis was conducted. Participants were 396 older patients admitted to a general medica...

Validating the association between brain activity, as measured in functional MRI, with a combination or a contrast of tasks is usually performed by replicating an experiment in a small group of subjects, and by assessing the presence of a statistically significant average effect across subjects (random effects analyses). While many efforts have been made to control the rate of false detections,...

Objective. Estimates of treatment effects reported in placebo-controlled randomized trials are less subject to bias than those estimates provided by other study designs. The objective of this meta-analysis was to estimate the analgesic effects of treatments for non-specific low back pain reported in placebo-controlled randomized trials. Methods. Medline, Embase, Cinahl, PsychInfo and Cochrane C...

Background: Whether the serum iron level in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients was higher than those in health controls was not consistent in the reported studies. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the evidence from observational studies between them. Methods: Pertinent studies were identified by a search in PubMed and Web of Knowledge up to July 2015. Standardized mean difference ...

The aim of this study was to review the existing literature on game-based digital interventions for depression systematically and examine their effectiveness through a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Database searching was conducted using specific search terms and inclusion criteria. A standard meta-analysis was also conducted of available RCT studies with a random effects...