The performance of the Paci¢c white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) under various stocking strategies was evaluated in earthen ponds ¢lled with freshwater amended with major ions. Six 0.1-ha earthen ponds located in Pine Blu¡, AR, USA, were ¢lled with freshwater in 2003 and 2004, and potassium magnesium sulphate added to provide 50mgK L 1 and stock salt added to provide 0.5 g L 1 salinity. ...

Pond carrying capacity is largely determined by management practices. Earlier work on semiintensive culture of tilapia using manure or inorganic fertilizers indicated that carrying capacity might reach 2,000 to 3,000 kg/ha (Diana et al. 1991a, b; KnudHansen et al. 1991). As stocking density is increased in fertilized ponds, carrying capacity remains largely the same and density-dependent growth...

background: heavy metals have destructive and irreversible effects on the human, plants and animals. some industries in yazd enter industrial wastewater to municipal wastewater collection system. this can lead to high levels of heavy metals in wastewater and in turn in the wastewater treatment plant effluent.   methods: this study was carried out during four months from december 22, 2009 to may...

This experiment was conducted for 150 days in 15 earthen ponds, 100 m2 in surface area and 1.2 m in depth, at the Institute of Agriculture and Animal science (IAAS), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. One cage (1.5 x 1.5 x 1 m and water volume of 2-m3) covered with 1-cm mesh net was suspended in each of the treatment ponds. There were one control and four treatments with three replicates each: carps at 1 ...

Melt ponds, a common feature on Arctic sea ice, absorb most of the incoming solar radiation and have a large effect on the melting rate of sea ice, which significantly influences climate change. Therefore, it is very important to monitor melt ponds in order to better understand the sea ice-climate interaction. In this study, melt pond retrieval models were developed using the TerraSAR-X dual-po...

Land-based aquaculture produces suspended solids in culture pond and settlement pond waters that could be harvested as a bioresource. Suspended solids were quantified, characterised and harvested from these two sources to assess their suitability for conversion to bioproducts. The suspended solids of settlement ponds were less concentrated (87.6±24.7mgL(-1)) than those of culture ponds (131.8±8...

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a form of activity-dependent plasticity that occurs during learning. Potassium channels are the most diverse group of all ion channels that related to synaptic plasticity. Small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (SKs) are found in hippocampal CA1 neurons and by inhibiting of postsynaptic potentials are involved in synaptic transmission impairment. ...

Polar codes, that have been recently introduced by Arikan, are one of the first codes that achieved the capacity for vast numerous channels and they also have low complexity in symmetric memoryless channels. Polar codes are constructed based on a phenomenon called channel polarization. This paper discusses relay channel polarization in order to achieve the capacity and show that if inputs of tw...

ion channels play a major role in the regulation of t cell function in health and disease. in a computer-based model, established to simulate t cells’ membrane potential (vm) generation, we discovered a discrepancy between the simulation and patch-clamp recordings. the predicted vm was more hyperpolarized than the measured vm, indicating that a yet unknown, depolarizing ion current might contri...