Variations in ̄avonoid and chlorogenic acid levels within fruit, within tree, between orchards, between cultivars and among mutants were characterised and quanti®ed in `Elstar' and `Jonagold' apples by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The sun-exposed skin of individual fruit had much higher cyanidin 3-galactoside (anthocyanin) and quercetin 3glycoside levels than...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether individual fruits are differentially associated with risk of type 2 diabetes. DESIGN Prospective longitudinal cohort study. SETTING Health professionals in the United States. PARTICIPANTS 66,105 women from the Nurses' Health Study (1984-2008), 85,104 women from the Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2009), and 36,173 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up St...

Phytochemicals are recognized as playing an important role in cancer prevention by fruits and vegetables. The avocado is a widely grown and consumed fruit that is high in nutrients and low in calories, sodium, and fats. Studies have shown that phytochemicals extracted from the avocado fruit selectively induce cell cycle arrest, inhibit growth, and induce apoptosis in precancerous and cancer cel...

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This study evaluated the quality of diet of the population receiving the Bolsa Familia Program in Curitiba, state of Parana, Brazil. It was a population-based cross-sectional study, conducted from July 2006 to July 2007. 747 beneficiaries were interviewed from 19 years of age, of both genders. A 24 hour-recall was implemented in order to assess the quality of the diet and the Healthy Eating Ind...

Performance of two new air sampling bags [the transparent bag (TP bag) and the semi-transparent bag (ST bag)] was examined as possible surrogates for the traditional PVF bag (the Ref bag). Solvent vapor mixture of butyl acetate, chloroform, ethyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol and toluene at administrative control levels were introduced to each bag (n=5 for each of the three types), and the decay i...

Abstract Fruit bagging is a commonly used cultivation measure to protect citrus fruit from insects and adverse environments. The present study aimed comprehensively investigate the effects of on physiochemical characteristics grapefruit. grapefruit were bagged at approximately 110–120 d after anthesis with one-layer kraft paper bag black coating inside (SL), double-layer one as inner layer (DL)...

Drosophila suzukii is threatening soft fruit production worldwide due to the females' ability to pierce through the intact skin of ripe fruits and lay eggs inside. Larval consumption and the associated microbial infection cause rapid fruit degradation, thus drastic yield and economic loss. Cultivars that limit the proliferation of flies may be ideal to counter this pest; however, they have not ...

A recent study on wild male Mediterranean fruit flies [Papadopoulos, N.T., Katsoyannos, B.I., Kouloussis, N.A., Carey, J.R., Müller, H.-G., Zhang, Y., 2004. High sexual signalling rates of young individuals predict extended life span in male Mediterranean fruit flies. Oecologia 138, 127-134] provided evidence that intense sexual signalling (calling behavior) is associated with longer life span....