Diabetic patients treated with inhaled insulin exhibit reduced fasting plasma glucose levels. In dogs, insulin action in muscle is enhanced for as long as 3 h after insulin inhalation. This study was designed to determine whether this effect lasts for a prolonged duration such that it could explain the effect observed in diabetic patients. Human insulin was administered via inhalation (Exubera;...

It has been suggested that the foetus of a diabetic mother is subjected to intermittent hyperglycaemia and that this is followed by pancreatic islet hyperplasia, increased insulin secretion, and greater deposition of fat (Osler, 1960). Measurements of plasma-insulin-like activity in the newborn in response to a glucose load have shown that the baby of a diabetic mother has a greater rise of ins...

visfatin is a newly discovered adipokine which increases along with obesity. it is not clear whether rhythmic aerobic endurance exercise training which induces changes in adipose tissue and blood lipid might decrease the plasma visfatin level. the aim of this study was to examine the effect of rhythmic aerobic endurance exercise training on rest visfatin levels some metabolic risk factors in ob...

Insulin resistance syndrome, also referred to as the metabolic syndrome or syndrome X, refers to a constellation of common metabolic and cardiovascular disorders (e.g. obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia), which are all cardiovascular risk factors. Insulin resistance can be induced by fructose-rich diet in rats. We investigated the effect of vanadyl sulfate (0.2 mg...

Values are means? S.E.M. for groups of six mice. Administration of a high dose of insulin (100 units/kg) resulted in significant decreases of plasma glucose and C-terminal immunoreactive-glucagon (C-GLI) concentrations. Statistical differences from zero-time values were evaluated by Student’s t test: *P < 0.00 1. Plasma glucose and C-terminal immunoreactive glucagon concentrations of lean mice ...

Atypical antipsychotic treatment has been associated with serious metabolic adverse events, such as glucose dysregulation and development of type 2 diabetes. As part of our studies on possible underlying mechanisms, we investigated the acute effects of various typical and atypical antipsychotics on plasma glucose and insulin in FVB/N mice, a strain that showed a more pronounced hyperglycemic re...

Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that a modest chronic increase in maternal cortisol concentrations impairs maternal glucose metabolism and increases the incidence of perinatal stillbirth. The dramatic outcomes prevented our ability to study the effects of maternal hypercortisolemia on neonatal growth, glucose metabolism, and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis response. Therefore, ...

The acute metabolic effects and disposition of human placental lactogen (HPL) have been studied in 15 men and 8 women during continuous intravenous infusions. The mean plasma half-life, metabolic pool size, and turnover rate of HPL are comparable to the values previously reported for human growth hormone (HGH). From the data presented, we calculate that the placenta secretes approximately 290 m...

To evaluate the roles of hyperglycemia and increased plasma FFA level in the development of insulin resistance, we examined the effects of phlorizin and acipimox treatments on tissue sensitivity to insulin in streptozotocin(STZ)-diabetic rats. Insulin sensitivity was assessed with the glucose-insulin clamp technique. Blood glucose concentration was clamped at basal levels of control and diabeti...