A reliable method is described for rapid proliferation of axillary shoots from nodal segment of mature field-grown aromatic and medicinal plant Vitex negundo through in vitro culture. Of different concentrations of N6-benzyladenine (BA) evaluated as supplements to Murahige and Skoog (MS) medium, BA at 1mg/l was effective in enhancing bud break and shoot regeneration. Response of explants was al...

The root system of the plant is essential for taking up water and nutrients, serves as an anchor organ where plant-microorganism interaction takes place. When Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Azospirillum brasilense Sp245 colonizes plants, it halts growth primary stimulates development lateral roots hairs which support vegetative, green biomass. Target Rapamycin (TOR) a highly conser...

Burns require a recovery process that multiplies complex biological mechanisms including anti-inflammatory, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. X.granatum J.Koenig (XG) is popular plant grows in the mangrove forest Bali. Traditionally, this used mainly for antiinflammation, dysentery, fever, skin emolliating, wound treatment, abdominal problems. Flavonoids, tannins saponins are active metabol...

Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis, commonly known as the Madeira-vine belongs to the small family Basellaceae is reported as an invasive weed in the gardens and forests of the north of Iran (Fig. 1). Characteristic features of the said plants are as follows: Plant perennial, evergreen, climbing vine or liana that grows from fleshy rhizomes. Stems slender, climbing, up to 3–6 m in height in a s...

Vascular tissues are important for transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant and as physical support of upright growth. The primary constituents of vascular tissues, xylem, and phloem, are derived from the meristematic vascular procambium and cambium. Xylem cells develop secondary cell walls (SCWs) that form the largest part of plant lignocellulosic biomass that serve as a renewable...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of ~20-24 nt long non-coding RNAs, have critical roles in diverse biological processes including development, proliferation, stress response, etc. With the development and availability of experimental technologies and computational approaches, the field of miRNA biology has advanced tremendously over the last decade. By sequence complementarity, miRNAs have been esti...

Phytoremediation is a relatively new approach to removing contaminants from the environment. It may be defined as the use of plants to remove, destroy or sequester hazardous substances from the environment. Unfortunately, even plants that are relatively tolerant of various environmental contaminants often remain small in the presence of the contaminant. To remedy this situation, plant growth-pr...

This chapter reviews the basic features of plant cell proliferation. Although plant cell division seems to be largely similar to animals and fungi, there are a number of peculiarities that are perhaps related to their lifestyle and development. Initial comparisons of animal, fungal, and plant genomes suggest that the central cell division and growth machinery are largely similar but that some k...

Plants are sessile organisms, some of which can live for over a thousand years. Unlike most animals, plants employ a postembryonic mode of development driven by the continuous activity of pluripotent stem cells. Consequently, plants are able to initiate new organs over extended periods of time, and many species can readily replace lost body structures by de novo organogenesis. Classical studies...