Retinal pigmented epithelial cells exchange their cellular phenotypes into lens cells and neurons, via depigmented and non-epithelial-shaped dedifferentiated intermediates. Because these dedifferentiated cells can either revert to pigmented epithelial cells or transdifferentiate into lens cells and/or neurons, they are recognized as candidates for lens and retinal cell regeneration. The purpose...

A lthough the benefits of using dermoscopy as a diagnostic aid are well described, dermoscopy currently remains underutilized in the United States. According to a recent survey of US academic dermatologists, reasons cited for lack of utilization included lack of training, logistical constraints, and the belief that the procedure was not helpful. Also, some clinicians may be apprehensive about i...

A novel relational learning approach that tightly integrates the naı̈ve Bayes learning scheme with the inductive logic programming rule-learner FOIL is presented. In contrast to previous combinations that have employed naı̈ve Bayes only for post-processing the rule sets, the presented approach employs the naı̈ve Bayes criterion to guide its search directly. The proposed technique is implemented in...

Sekiguchi-Tonosaki M, Obata M, Haruki A, Himi T, Kosaka J. Acetylcholine induces Ca signaling in chicken retinal pigmented epithelial cells during dedifferentiation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 296: C1195–C1206, 2009. First published February 25, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00423.2008.—Retinal pigmented epithelial cells exchange their cellular phenotypes into lens cells and neurons, via depigmented...

background and objectives: isolation of xanthomonas campestris from soil has a wide range of applications from monitoring of phytopathogenic populations in soil to screening of improved xanthan-producing strains. identification of xanthomonas campestris and its pathovars requires pathogenicity tests in addition to phenotypic and molecular characterization. materials and methods: thirty phenotyp...

Pigmented Bowen's disease is a rare subtype of Bowen's disease. Clinically it presents as a slow-growing, well-defined, hyperpigmented plaque, and should be included as a differential diagnosis of other pigmented lesions. The authors describe a challenging case of pigmented Bowen's disease with non-diagnostic dermscopy findings.

The diagnosis of pigmented actinic keratosis can be complicated in clinical practice. The differential diagnosis with lentigo maligna melanoma can be difficult due to common clinical and dermoscopic characteristics. We present 5 cases of pigmented actinic keratosis in 4 patients. The most common dermoscopic finding was a grayish-brown granulation with a perifollicular distribution, present in a...

Dentists may encounter pigmented lesions in routine clinical practice. In most cases, the lesions are asymptomatic and benign in nature; however, rarely, a pigmented lesion can be a sign of malignancy. We report a case of malignant melanoma of the maxillary gingiva to highlight the importance of biopsy and periodic follow-up of patients with unusual focal pigmented lesions in the oral cavity.