OBJECTIVE Evaluation of elite athletes' psycho-physiological condition at various stages of preparation and in international competition. DESIGN Athletes were tested during training and participation in international competition using methods of galvanic skin response (GSR) and gas discharge visualization (GDV). SETTING Saint Petersburg Federal Research Institute of Physical Culture and Spo...

The administration of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) beneficially modulates gastrointestinal functions and may enhance the metabolism of polyphenols. However, different polyphenolic components in the diet may have different influences on the activities of the digestive enzymes and microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, a 4-week study of forty-eight male Wistar rats was conducted to ...

A new form of Genetic Programming (GP) called Cartesian Genetic Programming (CGP) is proposed in which programs are represented by linear integer chromosomes in the form of connections and functionalities of a rectangular array of primitive functions. The effectiveness of this approach is investigated for boolean even-parity functions (3,4,5), and the 2-bit multiplier. The minimum number of eva...

Twenty-nine additives were evaluated for their antiwear and extreme pressure properties when incorporated in various percentages in lithium soap-mineral oil greases. The percentages of the principal antiwear and extreme pressure inducing elements: sulfur, chlorine, phosphorus and lead were determined. The most promising ones were further evaluated in commercialgreases and in inorganic thickened...

The interaction of a laser pulse with a Sn preplasma formed by a low energy prepulse was investigated for an extreme ultraviolet EUV lithography light source. A much lower ion kinetic energy and nearly the same conversion efficiency from laser to in-band 2% bandwidth 13.5 nm EUV light were simultaneously observed as compared with those from the direct interaction with a solid surface. The reaso...

The present study was designed to investigate the central nervous system activity of 23 novel phenylpiperazine pyrrolidin-2-one derivatives. These compounds had marked antiarrhythmic and hypotensive activities and revealed affinity for α1- and α2-adrenoceptors. These effects may be related to their α-adrenolytic properties. We assessed their antidepressant-like effect in the forced swimming tes...

Branched β-1,3-glucans and the eicosapolyenoic acids (EP) are among the best characterized oomycete elicitors that trigger innate immune responses in plants. These elicitors were identified over three decades ago, and they were useful in the study of the sequence of physiological, biochemical and molecular events that induce resistance in plants. However, in spite of the cross-kingdom parallels...

A physiological articulatory model has been constructed using a fast computation method, which replicates midsagittal regions of the speech organs to simulate articulatory movements during speech. This study aims to improve the accuracy of modeling by using the displacement-based finite-element method and to develop a new approach for controlling the model. A "semicontinuum" tongue tissue model...

It is a challenge in evoked potential (EP) analysis to incorporate prior physiological knowledge for estimation. In this paper, we address the problem of single-channel trial-to-trial EP characteristics estimation. Prior information about phase-locked properties of the EPs is assesed by means of estimated signal subspace and eigenvalue decomposition. Then for those situations that dynamic fluct...