In this paper, we examine possible sources of hierarchical (nested) structure in vegetation data. We then use the Minimum Message length principle to provide a rational means of comparing hierarchical and non-hierarchical clustering. The results indicate that, with the data used, a hierarchical solution was not as efficient as a nonhierarchical one. However, the hierarchical solution seems to p...

Retrieved from 49th Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union Abstracts (San Francisco, CA).Fricke, H. C., and Wing, S. L. (2004). Oxygen isotope and paleobotanicalestimates of temperature and δ18O–latitude gradients over North Americaduring the early Eocene. Am. J. Sci. 304, 612–635. doi: 10.2475/ajs.304.7.612Fyles, J. G. (1990). Beaufort formation (late tertiary) as s...

The Self is essentially a social structure and arises out of social experiences. There are different views about the concept of Self and the process of its differentiation. Autism is a complex neurobiological disorder that makes it hard for the people with autism to communicate with others and relate to the outside world. Since autistic people have problems in relating to the outer world, they ...

Tropical forests are among the most diverse ecosystems on Earth and play a crucial role in global carbon cycle (Lewis et al., 2015; Mitchard, 2018; Pan 2011). In recent decades, several studies have attempted to better understand tropical spatial temporal ecological patterns, also predict their responses land-use climate changes (Feldpausch 2016; Hubau 2020; Qie 2017; Sullivan 2020). Studies we...

The disjunct zonation pattern of Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh., frequently observed along the Kenyan coast as a landward and a seaward zone, has been studied on a morphological level and complemented with preliminary genetic data. The objective was to describe the two zones in-depth in order to provide a background ecological setting that may be used in explanations on the emergence of such ...

This investigation examined the relationship of the selfconcept of children with cleft lip and palate to the selfconcept of nonclefl children. Fifty cleft lip and palate children between the ages of 8 and 18 were individually matched by age, sex, and race with 50 noncleft children. Each child was given the Piers-Harris Children’s SelfConcept Scale. The scale evaluates the development of childre...

Succession has been of enduring interest since the inception ecological theory and remains central to contemporary questions (Chang & Turner, 2019; Meiners et al., 2015). Primary succession involves changes in abiotic environment that modulate outcome biotic interactions but mechanisms, notably facilitation, inhibition tolerance, have contentious (Connell Slatyer, 1977; Farrell, 1991; Pickett 1...

The paper presents a research on the multimodal communication of teachers in the classroom. The “musical score”, a procedure for the analysis of multimodal communication, is used to analyse aspects of the signals produced and of the meanings conveyed by teachers while interacting with their pupils, by focusing not only on affective and interactional aspects, but also on the cognitive effects of...

Estimates of past precipitation are of broad interest for many areas of inquiry, including reconstructions of past environments and topography, climate modeling, and ocean circulation studies. The shapes and sizes of living leaves are highly sensitive to moisture conditions, and assemblages of fossil leaves of flowering plants have great potential as paleoprecipitation indicators. Most quantita...