In the present work, a new vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) structure employing combined oxide layer and single defect photonic crystal index guiding layer has been investigated for L-band optical fiber application. The basic design goal was to obtain photonic crystal VCSEL (PhC VCSEL) with the high power, high slop efficiency and low threshold that operate at 1.55-1.6μm wavelengt...

Engineering the surrounding electromagnetic environment of light emitters by photonic engineering, e.g. photonic crystal cavity, can dramatically enhance its spontaneous emission rate through the Purcell effect. Here we report an enhanced spontaneous emission rate of monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) by coupling it to a 1D silicon nitride photonic crystal. A four times stronger photolumines...

Three-dimensional photonic-crystal grains were found in the scales of the longhorn beetle Prosopocera lactator (Cerambycidae). The local geometric structure can be described as a face-centered-cubic array of spheres, connected by short rods, reminiscent of the "ball-and-stick" models used by solid-state chemists to visualize atomic structures. Based on scanning electron microscopy, x-ray nanoto...

The transmissivity within the photonic band gap of two-dimensional photonic crystals of macroporous silicon is reported as a function of crystal thickness. Measurements were carried out for crystals of nominally 1, 2, 3, and 4 crystal layers using a commercial parametric source, with a wavelength tunable from 3 to 5 mm. For wavelengths well within the 3–5 mm photonic band gap, attenuation of ap...

During recent years, we have observed a rapidly growing interest in the design and fabrication of novel types of photonic-crystal structures possessing large absolute band gaps. The study of various geometries of three-dimensional photonic crystals and different ways to enlarge their absolute band gaps is a key issue in the physics of periodic dielectric structures, where different polarization...

We report time-of-flight experiments on photonic-crystal waveguide structures using optical Kerr gating of a femtosecond white-light supercontinuum. These photonic-crystal structures, based on engineered silicon-nitride slab waveguides, possess broadband low-loss guiding properties, allowing the group velocity dispersion of optical pulses to be directly tracked as a function of wavelength. This...

Integrated quantum photonic devices with single quantum dot emitters A. Mark Fox University of Sheffield The integration of semiconductornanostructures with on-chip photonic devices offers the possibility to incorporate quantum-dot (QD) single-photon sources into advanced quantum-optical circuits. In order achieve this goal, a number of key photonic components have to be developed in a platform...

The rapid development and unique properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, phosphorene and transition metal dichalcogenides enable them to become intriguing candidates for future optoelectronic applications. To maximize the potential of 2D material-based optoelectronics, various photonic structures are integrated to form photonic structure/2D material hybrid systems so tha...

Far-field secondary emission spectra of one-dimensional periodic photonic structures based on porous silicon show characteristic co-focal rings centered close to the structure plane normal. The rings appear when the frequency of picosecond excitation laser pulses is tuned to the edges of the fourth photonic band gap. They can be clearly distinguished from the typical reflected and transmitted l...

Introduction Colloidal self-assembly has been widely explored as a route to photonic materials. Theoretical work has demonstrated that a three dimensional photonic band gap can be generated from an inverse FCC structure if fairly rigorous dielectric contrast conditions are met. It is because of this finding that a multitude of research groups are investigating the self-assembly of colloidal par...