BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) also known as kala-azar is a growing health problem in Ethiopia with an estimated annual VL incidence between 3700 and 7400. The disease is mainly endemic in northwestern parts of the country. The aim of the current study was to determine the sand fly fauna and ecology of Phlebotomus orientalis in two endemic and ecologically distinct areas of northwestern...

cutaneous leishmaniasis is a prevalent tropical parasitic disease in the old world. the causative agentsare leishmanial parasites, which cause various forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis. the infection is commonlylimited in immuno-competent individuals, but it can progress to a chronic and ulcerative disease in immunocompromised patients. the reservoirs are dogs and rodents and the vectors are dif...

Two forms of leishmaniasis are endemic to the Jenin district in the northern region of the West Bank. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by Leishmania infantum, mainly affects infants. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) affects a broader age group and is probably caused by L. tropica. Although the Jenin district is the most important focus of leishmaniasis in the West Bank, the sand fly fauna of the...

M. B., Muslim female, aged 25 years, wife of a doctor and sister of a doctor, on my friendly visit to her family on Gth April, 1942, told me that she had been having a slight temperature between 99? and 100?F. for four days. She had no other complaint except a little pain in the abdomen, especially in both subcostal regions. I told her not to worry, thinking that it was only an attack of sandfl...

In a survey carried out during the summer in 2002 and 2003, in the canine and vulpine leishmaniasis focus of Arrabida, 665 phlebotomine sandflies were caught. 13.83% were P. ariasi, 58.65% P. pemiciosus, 0.45% P. sergenti and 27.07% S. minuta. Despite the low abundance, the finding of the three adults P. sergenti (two males in Aldeia Grande and one female in Quinta da Ramada) confirm the coloni...

BACKGROUND Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major is a serious and increasing problem affecting many rural areas of 17 out of 31 provinces in Iran. Little is known about sand fly fauna and leishmaniases in Eastern Iran and no study has been carried out in Sarbisheh County. The aim of this study was to determine sand flies composition and probable Leishmania infection to find the probab...