introduction: while little is known about the molecular mechanisms that establish the apical growth patterns in fungal mycelia, recent research on the genetics of a. nidulans and n. crassa has provided considerable amount information on some genes involving in polarised cell growth. a.nidulans is particularly amenable to experimental analysis and is importantly related to other human pathogen f...

two peroxidases (ec. 1.11.1.7), pod i and pod ii were purified from the roots of cultivatedraphanus sativus l. var. cicil by one step ion-exchange chromatography after fractionation by acetone. the molecular weight of these enzymes were 43000 and 41000 daltons and rz 1.2 and 2.0 for pod i and pod ii, respectively. both enzymes consisted of a single polypeptide chain on sds-page. the maximum act...

Laser-induced electron tunnelling—which triggers a broad range of ultrafast phenomena such as the generation attosecond light pulses, photoelectron diffraction and holography—has laid foundation for strong-field physics science. Using attoclock constructed by single-colour elliptically polarized laser fields, previous experiments have measured tunnelling rates, exit positions, velocities delay ...

The Raman spectroscopic characterization of the orthorhombic phase of Cs2RuO4 was carried out by means of group theory and quantum chemical analysis. Multiple models based on ruthenate (VI+) tetrahedra were tested, and characterization of all the active Raman modes was achieved. A comparison of Raman spectra of Cs2RuO4, Cs2MoO4, and Cs2WO4 was also performed. Raman laser heating induced a phase...

We report on the analysis and prototype-characterization of a dual-electrode electro-optic modulator that can generate both amplitude and phase modulations with a selectable relative phase, termed a universally tunable modulator (UTM). All modulation states can be reached by tuning only the electrical inputs, facilitating real-time tuning, and the device is shown to have good suppression and st...

the aim of this paper is to minimize output phase noise for the pure signal synthesis in the frequency synthesizers. for this purpose, first, an exact mathematical model of phase locked loop (pll) based frequency synthesizer is described and analyzed. then, an exact closed-form formula in terms of synthesizer bandwidth and total output phase noise is extracted. based on this formula, the phase ...

We introduce a non-interferometric single beam method for automated spectral phase characterization and adaptive pulse compression of amplified ultrashort femtosecond pulses taking advantage of third order harmonic generation in air. This new method, air-MIIPS, compensates high-order phase distortions based on multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan (MIIPS).

An equitable coloring of a graph G is a proper coloring of the vertices of G such that color classes differ in size by at most one. In this note, we verify the equitable coloring conjecture [W. Meyer, Amer. Math. Monthly 80 (1973), 920–922] for some classes of graphs which are defined by forbidden induced subgraphs using known results.

A graph G on n vertices is pancyclic if G contains cycles of all lengths`for 3 ` n and G is cycle extendable if for every nonhamiltonian cycle C G there is a cycle C 0 G such that V (C) V (C 0) and jV (C 0) n V (C)j = 1. We prove that (i) every 2-connected K 1;3-free graph is pancyclic, if G is P 5-free and n 6, if G is P 6-free and n 10, or if G is P 7-free, deer-free and n 14, and (ii) every ...