This paper formulates a dynamic stochastic model to examine the joint patent application and renewal behaviors under an international patent-protection regime. The framework makes it possible to utilize both the cross-sectional (multi-country application) and the time-series (patent renewal) dimensions of available international patenting data to estimate the private value of patent protection,...

The use of radioisotopes is important in pharmaceutical research and development (R&D). They are frequently used in non-clinical and clinical studies for the development of compounds for different therapeutic areas, such as central nervous system (CNS) diseases (e.g. Dementia, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Parkinson’s disease), oncology, and metabolic diseases (e.g. diabetes mellitus). Pharmace...

This presentation describes the application of novel high throughput physical-chemical technologies to the pharmaceutical discovery and development process. The rationale for such platforms is described in light of the changes that have occurred in the biological and chemical processes leading to drug target evaluation and lead identification. Several high throughput platforms are described for...

Real options analysis was often recommended as an emerging valuation technique for high-risk investment projects. Former inter-sectoral surveys have drawn an ambivalent picture of real options usage in general. In addition, there is a lack of sector-specific investigations. In the following article the results of an in-depth analysis of collected empirical data regarding the application of this...

Pharmaceutical and medical device companies strive to maximize patent term as lengthy development and regulatory review processes precede commercial sales. Most patents internationally receive a standard term of 20 years from the initial application filing date. But US patents frequently receive a longer term, mainly due to patent term adjustment (PTA). PTA offers extra patent term to compensat...

In recent years, self assembled materials have received increasing attention in pharmaceutical science as they promise incredible potential for therapeutic and diagnostics applications. Owing to the low aqueous solubility of various drugs, a solubilizing delivery system is often required for reaching sufficient drug bioavailability and/or to facilitate clinical or even preclinical research and ...

Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides, which are able to bind with high affinity and specificity to their target. This property is used for a multitude of applications, for instance as molecular recognition elements in biosensors and other assays. Biosensor application of aptamers offers the possibility for fast and easy detection of environmental relevant substances. Pharmac...

Implementation of the Quality by Design (QbD) approach in pharmaceutical development has compelled researchers in the pharmaceutical industry to employ Design of Experiments (DoE) as a statistical tool, in product development. Among all DoE techniques, response surface methodology (RSM) is the one most frequently used. Progress of computer science has had an impact on pharmaceutical development...

Managing the implementation of new technology in a pharmaceutical development environment has provided challenges and opportunities to obtain benefits from technologies, e.g. laboratory automation. Successful application of new techniques requires a dedicated resource. Within Pharmaceutical Technologies, this was initially a single person, who has since evolved into a team dedicated to the inve...

World wide in pharmaceutical industry, fluid bed processing technology emerged as useful application. Batch type fluid processes are using in pharmaceutical industry since 30 years. Originating in Europe, this technology gradually found its way into U.S. manufacturing facilities, beginning with the use of fluid bed dryers. The earliest fluid bed dryers were a cabinet type construction with a si...