background heat, chemical and organic pollution are three types of environmental pollution, caused by refinery and petrochemical industries. problems caused by hear and chemical pollutants are currently resolved to some extent but organic pollution such as poly aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are still considered as important problems of industry and environment. objectives a laboratory study was ...

The world's increasingly voracious appetite for fossil fuels is driven by fast-growing populations and ever-rising aspirations for the lifestyles and standard of living exemplified in the developed world. Forecasts for higher electricity consumption, more comfortable living environments (via heating or cooling) and greater demand for transport fuels are well known. Similar growth in demand is p...

Recent application of photo-ionization (PI) coupled with GC×GC-HRTOF/MS for authentic standard mix called century mix along with several groups of petrochemical samples demonstrated PI as an effective soft-ionization technique to characterize volatile mixtures particularly, hydrocarbons [1]. This soft-ionization technology was shown to enhance analyte speciation by providing both molecular ions...