Machine translation (MT) as a sub-field of computational linguistics represents one the most advanced and applied dimensions research field. Translation divergence occurs when structurally similar sentences source language do not translate into that are in structure target language" (Dorr, 1993). The sophistication domain MT depends mainly on identification patterns pair. Many researchers field...

This paper deals with cases of apparent enclisis on past participles in North-Western Italian varieties. It is claimed that these cases do not involve clitic pronouns, but weak pronouns in the sense of Cardinaletti and Starke (1999). Both syntactic and morphophonological evidence is discussed. Some varieties display both proclitics and postverbal weak pronouns and use them in different syntacti...

This paper presents an exploratory study on the usage of epicene pronouns in speech Chinese EL2 students, who were undertaking a Master’s programme UK. The reasons for speakers’ use or non-use is also explored to provide fuller picture as well their perceptions gender-inclusive pronouns. An elicitation based speaking task was used gather pronoun usage. followed by semi-structured interview util...

The phonological feature [±stress] distinguishes between strong pronouns (which are capitalized here and henceforth) and others. The semantic feature [±animate] distinguishes between what I call unstressed pronouns and weak pronouns (cf. Cardinaletti & Starke (1996)). The phonological feature [±reduced] distinguishes between weak pronouns and reduced pronouns; the only reduced pronoun in Standa...

A Minimalist hypothesis about resumptive pronouns is that they should be no different from ordinary pronouns (McCloskey 2006). The paper substantiates this hypothesis with respect to a particular view of pronouns: pronouns are ‘elsewhere’ elements. Just as the interpretation of ordinary pronouns, on this view, is determined by competition with anaphors, the interpretation of resumptive pronouns...

This study is a quantitative and functional corpus-based study of self-mention in soft science Master theses. One important purpose of this study was to find out the functions of self-mention in soft science Master theses. For this purpose, 20 soft science Master theses in four disciplines (Applied linguistics, Psychology, Geography, and Political sciences), were randomly selected out of the li...

  Translation of the Holy Quran can be difficult for translators in terms of accuracy and translatability. Sometimes translators fail to render the Quranic thoughts because of the lack of language features in target languages. This results in an unfavorable interpretation. One of the challenging aspects of translating Quran is reference switching as rhetorical devices, which are widespread i...