background and aim: academic evaluation is one of the strategies applied for the enhancement of teaching conditions. student-based evaluation is one of the most common kinds of evaluation. the current study is aimed at the identification of important criteria of academic evaluation from the viewpoint of medical school students.   materials and methods: this is a descriptive, cross-sectional stu...

The German sending market has always been a major priority for domestic tourism in Hungary. For example, before the COVID-19 epidemic, Germany was ranked first among outbound markets terms of guest nights spent commercial accommodation 2019, with share 12.9%. expenditure visitors traveling by Danube River cruise ships is also determinant factor concerning destinations Due to their prominent rol...

This paper examines the impact of government expenditure on the Nigerian economy for the period 1983 - 2012. The government expenditure components used as the explanatory variables in the model are: expenditures on Health, Education, Defense, Agriculture and Transportation and Communication. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was used as a parameter for measuring economic growth. In order to esta...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the characteristics of board of directors (Chief Executive Officer Duality, CEO tenure duration, size and independence of the board of directors) on earnings management. In this study, data from 62 companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years of 2011 to 2015 were used. The statistical method used in this research is panel ...

This study attempts to investigate the effect of oil returns and external debt on the government expenditure in Syria over the period 1970-2010. The Johansen cointegration test showed that oil returns and external debt have a positive and significant long run relationship with government expenditure. The Granger causality test indicates unidirectional short-run causality relationships running f...

Background: Infertility is one of the crises that can cause various mental problems such as depression that is stressful, but personal characteristics can influence the quality of response to infertility stress which is important to be recognized in depressed infertile women. In order to study the incidence of depression in infertile women and comparing individual and socio-economic characteris...

considerable consequence of households’ consumption expenditure changes is on energy using in agricultural sector and in other economical sectors. the main objective of this paper was to study of consequences increasing rural and urban households expenditures on changing of energy using in agricultural sector and on producing of environmental pollutants in khorasan razavi province. for this pur...

Using a system dynamics approach, a simulation model for data quality control and improvement of human calorimeter using the indirect calorimetry (IHC: indirect human calorimeter) was constructed. Accurate measurements of human energy expenditure are necessary in estimating appropriate energy requirement. IHC can measure continuously energy expenditure over 24 hours. O2 and CO2 analyzers and fl...

Household data such as household expenditure data are widely used as a basis for policy decision making. Since Household data is often view as hierarchical structured data, with household nested in its district of residence area, both the district condition and its households influence each other. In this case, it is important to have contextual analysis to model the significance of district po...