BACKGROUND Animals control the speed of motion to meet behavioral demands. Yet, the underlying neuronal mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we show that a class of segmentally arrayed local interneurons (period-positive median segmental interneurons, or PMSIs) regulates the speed of peristaltic locomotion in Drosophila larvae. RESULTS PMSIs formed glutamatergic synapses on motor neurons...

We have been developing a pulmonary circulatory assist device using shape memory alloy fibres for Fontan circulation. It consisted of several shape memory alloy fibres, which covered the ePTFE conduit circumferentially. We designed the sequential motion control system for pulsatile flow generation for sophisticated pulmonary hemodynamics. In order to achieve physiological pulsatile flow assista...

Studies on the pathogenesis of urolithiasis have mainly focused on metabolic disorders. However, metabolic disorders alone are not sufficient to explain the problem. In the present study, morphological and urodynamic differences of the upper urinary tract on both the stone and normal side were examined. There were 35 cases of those who had experienced unilateral, recurrent, and/or multiple ston...

The peristaltic flow of Carreau nanofluid with heat and mass transfer through porous medium inside a symmetric horizontal channel flexible walls is investigated. Hall currents viscous dissipation, absorption chemical reaction are considered, the system stressed by uniform strong magnetic field. problem modulated mathematically non-linear PDE which describe motion, nanoparticles phenomenon fluid...

Abstract The accuracy of the titration device for colorimetric water quality analysis is key to its detection accuracy. In order solve problem excessive traditional Chinese medicine in method, a structure optimization scheme micro-peristaltic pump applied analyzer was designed. By analyzing phenomenon periodic backflow and “creep” tube when peristaltic working, changed from circular section an ...

STUDY QUESTION Does uterine peristalsis influence the chance of clinical pregnancy in an embryo transfer cycle? SUMMARY ANSWER The uterine peristaltic wave frequency before embryo transfer is inversely related to the clinical pregnancy rates in fresh and frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Uterine peristalsis participates in regulating fluid migration after mock embr...

The function of the pylorus and the pyloric antrum in the control of gastric emptying has been studied in an isolated rat stomach-duodenum preparation. Pressures in the body and pyloric antrum and flow through the duodenum were recorded using electronic transducers. Vigorous peristalsis and episodic flow were induced by electrical stimulation. The pylorus is normally open until it is transientl...

Interest in bioinspired peristaltic pumps has grown popularity among the scientific community last decade thanks to their extreme flexibility and intrinsic compliance. In this paper, we propose a soft pump exploiting ballooning. Our aim is promote propel forward ballooned region by controlling air pressure between balloon an external flexible containment tube, achieve pumping motion with simple...