Intracoronary ECG was invented in 1974 and in 1985 it was shown for the first time that intracoronary wire could be used as an ECG unipolar lead to detect ongoing ischemia in humans. Intracoronary ECG still remains highly underused technique for guiding percutaneous coronary interventions. This article summarizes studies dating from 1974 through 2016 showing intracoronary ECG usefulness in find...

Recently, percutaneous coronary intervention has been the treatment of choice in most acute myocardial infarction cases. Although the results of percutaneous coronary interventions have ben good, the no-reflow phenomenon and distal embolization of intracoronary thrombus are still major problems even after successful interventions. In this article, we will briefly review the deleterious effects ...

In the article titled “Administration of low molecular weight and unfractionated heparin during percutaneous coronary intervention.” [1], the name of the first author was given incorrectly as Sadegh Ali-Hassan-Sayegh. The author's name should have been written as Sadeq Ali-Hasan-Al-Saegh. The revised authors' list is shown above. These two spelling are belonging to an author. The authors would ...

The CYP2C19*2 loss-of-function allele is associated with reduced generation of active metabolites of clopidogrel. However, meta-analyses have supported or discounted the impact of genotype on adverse cardiovascular outcomes during clopidogrel therapy, depending on studies included in the analysis. Here we review these data and conclude that evidence supports a differential effect of genotype on...

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) outcomes of chronic total occlusions (CTO) lesions have improved in recent years due to a better understanding of the physiopathology of the disease, more effective techniques and improvement in the design of new devices. We describe a new use of the Tornus® Catheter in the anterograde approach for CTO treatment.

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Prevention of periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI) has been the target of substantial research effort.1,2 Even routine, elective, uncomplicated percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been demonstrated to produce embolization.3 The greater the patient acuity is, such as with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, the larger is the degree of embolization and the more apparent the ...

The transfemoral approach is the standard approach for performing chronic total occlusion procedures. However, hemorrhagic and vascular entry site complications are known to be reduced by the adoption of the transradial approach. Thus, the transradial approach is gaining interest and, facilitated by the improvement of materials and techniques, will be applied in procedures previously considered...

The hybrid algorithim approach, together with innovative new technologies, has lead to increased interest in chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and increasing procedural success rates. Unlike non-CTO PCI, there is an increased rate of femoral access. When considering arterial access in CTO PCI, a balance is needed between anticipated procedural difficulty, pl...