Most segmental speech errors probably are articulatory blends of competing segments. Perceptual consequences were studied in listeners' reactions to misspoken segments. 291 speech fragments containing misspoken initial consonants plus 291 correct control fragments, all stemming from earlier SLIP experiments, were presented for identification to listeners. Results show that misidentifications (i...

Decades of research have demonstrated that students face critical conceptual challenges in learning mathematics. As new adaptive learning technologies become ubiquitous in education, they bring opportunities both to facilitate conceptual development in more focused ways and to gather data that may yield new insights into students’ learning processes. The present study analyzes data archives fro...

Speech recognition systems are now used in a wide variety of domains. They have recently been introduced in cars for hand-free control of radio, cell-phone and navigation applications. However, due to the ambient noise in the car recognition errors are relatively frequent. This paper tackles the problem of detecting when such recognition errors occur from the driver’s reaction. Automatic detect...

In the language domain, most studies of error monitoring have been devoted to language production. However, in language perception, errors are made as well and we are able to detect them. According to the monitoring theory of language perception, a strong conflict between what is expected and what is observed triggers reanalysis to check for possible perceptual errors, a process reflected by th...

This study examined the perception of the four Mandarin lexical tones by Mandarin-naïve Hong Kong Cantonese, Japanese, and Canadian English listener groups. Their performance on an identification task, following a brief familiarization task, was analyzed in terms of tonal sensitivities (A-prime scores on correct identifications) and tonal errors (confusions). The A-prime results revealed that t...

Various studies have identified systematic errors, such as spatial compression, when observers report the locations of objects displayed around the time of saccades. Localization errors also occur when holding spatial representations in visual working memory. Such errors, however, have not been examined in the context of eye blinks. In this study, we examined the effects of blinks and saccades ...

In visual search, rare targets are missed disproportionately often. This low-prevalence effect (LPE) is a robust problem with demonstrable societal consequences. What is the source of the LPE? Is it a perceptual bias against rare targets or a later process, such as premature search termination or motor response errors? In 4 experiments, we examined the LPE using standard visual search (with eye...

It was hypothesized that Ss scoring high on a derived scale of Fear of Death and Illness would exhibit more signs of behavior disruption than Ss scoring low after seeing a film describing the effects of fatal disease. 22 Ss were used: 12 scoring high on the scale and 10 scoring low. i of each group saw a threatening film, and i saw a nonthreatening educational film. All Ss took the Digit Symbol...

In this paper, a new approach for MC-DCT (motion compensated – Discrete Cosine Transform) hybrid video coding based on true motion estimation is proposed. The true motion estimation technique employs the leastmedian-squares (LMedS) matching criterion in block matching process for motion estimation. The rationale for using such true motion estimator is that at low bit-rates, very few bits are av...