Developmental researchers have suggested that adolescents are characterized by stronger reward sensitivity than both children and younger adults. However, at this point, little is known about the extent to which developmental differences in incentive processing influence feedback-based learning. In this study, we applied an incentivized reinforcement learning task, in which errors resulted in l...

In most signaling schemes in digital communication, the boundaries of the decision regions are straight lines. For some of these schemes such as quadrature amplitude modulation and its special cases where the boundaries meet at right angles, simple and exact expressions are known for the probability of error on an AWGN channel. In other cases where the boundaries do not meet at right angles, th...

The first aim of the present study was to test whether arousing, aversive sounds can influence inhibitory task performance and lead to increased error monitoring relative to a neutral task condition. The second aim was to examine whether the enhancement of error monitoring in an affective context (if present) could be predicted from stop-signal-related brain activity. Participants performed an ...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a well-recognized potentially fatal complication after trauma. PE is generally thought to occur days after the acute injury. Hypoxia early after injury is often ascribed to other causes. We hypothesized that PE often occurs early after injury and we sought to elucidate the timing of PE after trauma. METHODS The trauma registry was used to identify all pat...

The P3 response has been one of the most extensively studied event-related potential (ERP) components. Still, the exact functional role and cortical basis of P3 has remained unsettled. To explore the cortical processes underlying the generation of late positivities, we recorded the activation evoked by frequent Go and infrequent NoGo stimuli and correct versus erroneous responses using combined...

Abslruct-This paper reports on the initial experimental evaluation of the Reusability-Oriented Parallel programming Environment (ROPE 1, a software component reuse system developed at the University of Texas at Austin. ROPE helps the designer find and understand compo vents by using a new classification method called structured relational classification. ROPE is a part of a development environm...

Gully erosion is one of the most complicated and destructive forms of water erosion. In order to prevent this erosion, the important factors advancing gully head must be recognized. Nowadays, several models have been proposed in measuring gully head advancement and identifying the severity of erosion. These models must be calibrated for each country to see whether they are applicable or not. So...

Predicting the electrical power (PE) output is a significant step toward sustainable development of combined cycle plants. Due to effect several parameters on simulation PE, utilizing robust method high importance. Hence, in this study, potent metaheuristic strategy, namely, water algorithm (WCA), employed solve issue. First, nonlinear neural network framework formed link PE with influential pa...