despite extensive evidence for cognitive deficits associated with drug use and multiple publications supporting the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation treatment (crt) services for drug addictions, there are a few well-structured tools and organized programs to improve cognitive abilities in substance users. most published studies on cognitive rehabilitation for drug dependent patients used re...

The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare five essential oils (EOs) as penetration enhancers (PEs) to improve the transdermal drug delivery (TDD) of ibuprofen to treat dysmenorrhoea. The EOs were prepared using the steam distillation method and their chemical compositions were identified by GC-MS. The corresponding cytotoxicities were evaluated in epidermal keartinocyte HaCaT cell...

A suitable emulgel formulation of piroxicam was prepared and its percutaneous permeation was investigated using Wistar rat skin and diffusion cell technique. The concentrations of the drug in receptor phase of diffusion cells were measured using HPLC method. The effect of three types of penetration enhancers (Myrj 52, cineol and Transcutol P) with different concentrations on transdermal permeat...

There is a growing interest in transdermal delivery systems because of their noninvasive, targeted, and on-demand delivery of gene and drugs. However, efficient penetration of therapeutic compounds into the skin is still challenging largely due to the impermeability of the outermost layer of the skin, known as stratum corneum. Recently, there have been major research activities to enhance the s...

Transdermal systems are non-invasive, convenient, and inexpensive and can be self-administered. They can provide sustained plasma concentration profile for long periods of time. The systems can greatly improve patient compliance through avoidance of first-past metabolism, improved bioavailability, reduction of systemic side effects and dosing schedule. In the past three decades, transdermal dru...