INTRODUCTION Povidone-iodine aqueous solution is an antiseptic commonly used in ophthalmology for treatment of the ocular surface. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) is a well-known skin penetration enhancer that is scarcely utilized in ophthalmic drug formulations. We describe here a low-dose formulation of 0.25% PVP-I in a gel containing DMSO for the treatment of Demodex blepharitis. CASE REPORT A 95...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of nanoemulsions as a carrier vehicle of hydrophilic drug for transdermal delivery. The response surface methodology with a mixture design was used to evaluate the effect of ingredient levels of nanoemulsion formulations including cosurfactant (isopropyl alcohol, 20 ∼ 30%), surfactant (mixed of Brij 30 and Brij 35, 20 ∼ 30%), and di...

The architecture of a Quantum Imaging LADAR is shown in Fig. 1. Without the elements depicted by dashed lines, it is equivalent to current state-ofthe-art JIGSAW LADAR [1], where 3D pictures (2 transverse dimensions + time-of-flight information) of the target are collected from different points to permit foliage cover penetration. In the quantum configuration, a Quantum Image Enhancer (QIE) is ...

We address the possibility of being able to induce the trafficking of salt ions and other solutes across cell membranes without the use of specific protein-based transporters or pumps. On the basis of realistic atomic-scale molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that transmembrane ionic leakage can be initiated by chemical means, in this instance through addition of dimethyl sulfoxide (...

Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy has been used to investigate the effects of three fatty acid esters on skin permeation. Propylene glycol diperlargonate (DPPG), isopropyl myristate (IPM) and isostearyl isostearate (ISIS) were selected as pharmaceutically relevant solvents with a range of lipophilicities and cyanophenol (CNP) was used as a model dru...

onychomycosis constitutes the most common fungal infection of nail affecting finger and toe nails as well. antifungals found to be effective in the treatment of onychomycosis. however, transport of oral antifungal agents exhibits more toxicity and requires longer treatment period. medicated nail lacquers proved to cause lesser toxicity and required shorter treatment period. it provides not only...

results presence of soy pc improved mechanical properties, lowered swelling ratio and increased stability of the films. solubilizing activity of phospholipid resulted in higher flux of drug release from formulation containing higher amount of soy pc. antifungal efficacy of formulations was confirmed against two species of dermatophytes in vitro. conclusions this topical composite film had the p...

ABStrACt Immunoglobulin A (IgA) represents the most prominent antibody class at mucosal surfaces and plays an important role in mucosal immunity. However, we recently demonstrated that cross-linking of the IgA Fc receptor (FcaRI; CD89) by IgA autoantibodies of patients with autoimmune skin blistering diseases induced massive recruitment of neutrophils, which resulted in severe tissue damage. Cu...

Penetration testers are required to attack systems to evaluate their security, but without engaging in unethical behaviour while doing so. Despite work on hacker values and studies into security practice, there is little literature devoted to the ethical pressures associated with penetration testing. This paper presents several ethical dilemmas and dimensions associated with penetration testing...

Security researchers and practitioners lack techniques to quantitatively evaluate the strength of security systems against a determined attacker. Currently, evaluation is either qualitative, such as through security certification standards, or ad-hoc, such as through penetration testing and auditing. In this paper, we propose a framework that if applied to security systems, would produce quanti...