Two experiments are reported with the aim of determining the effect of pen shape and size on two different types of task: drawing and writing. Experiment 1 attempted to determine the optimum shape and size of shank for ball-point pens used to perform an accurate drawing task. Twenty-seven participants used a total of nine different pens. Drawing performance was measured by having the subjects f...

Arginine is an essential amino acid in neonates synthesized by gut epithelial cells and a precursor for NO that regulates vasodilatation and blood flow. Arginine supplementation has been shown to improve intestinal integrity in ischemia-reperfusion models and low plasma levels are associated with necrotizing enterocolitis. We hypothesized that enteral arginine is a specific stimulus for neonata...

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT SURFACE TREATMENTS ON THE SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF COMPOSITE RESIN TO MACHINED TITANIUM Mohammad AlJadi, D.D.S. Marquette University, 2011 Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength between machined titanium and composite resin using different surface treatments. Materials and Methods: Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) specimens were ground with 600 gri...

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a potentially fatal foodborne pathogen with a putative reservoir for human infection in feedlot cattle. In order to more effectively identify targets for intervention strategies, we aimed to (1) assess the role of various feedlot habitats in E. coli O157:H7 propagation and (2) provide a framework for examining the relative contributions of animals and the surrounding...

Drawing a mark can be an efficient command input technique when using a pen-based computer. However, marks are not intrinsically self-explanatory as are other interactive techniques such as buttons and menus. We present design principles for interaction mechanisms which make marks self explanatory for novices but still allow experts to use efficient command marks. The key notion is that use of ...

For effective digitizing of the group KJ-method (GKJ) activity, we had proposed a label capture system that utilizes an Anoto-based digital pen. The Former GKJ system can digitize the position and content of not only labels but also normal handwritten text. However, advanced edit operations such as changing the text color and emphasizing labels using a digital pen cannot be performed. In this p...

Two tributary streams (Fourmile branch and Pen branch) located on the US Department of Energy’s Savannah river site in west-central South Carolina, USA received thermal discharges from nuclear production reactors for over 30 years. Effluent releases produced stream water temperatures of over 50°C and stream flows of ten times above their base level. Consequently, existing plant and animal commu...

Forty crossbred sows were used in 10 blocks to determine the effects of farrowing pen type and degree of slope on sow-litter performance and behavior. The two pen types were a farrowing pen (2.15 m sow area plus 2.15 x 3 5 m creep area) and a farrowing crate (1.5 x 2.15 m). The two slopes evaluated were level (0% slope) and 8% slope. To collect behavioral data, a sample of litters was videotape...

In intensive pig production the weight of the weaned piglet has significant influence on the pig's later performance. The objective of this study is to estimate the relative impact of genetics, feeding, housing, and health factors on the weight gain during the nursing period. The study was performed as a cohort study in 3 farrow-to-finish herds. A technician visited the herds weekly and collect...

Sea lice infestations have become a major health problem for farmed salmonids throughout the world including Chile. In southern Chile, 6 geographical areas, divided into 22 geographical zones with a total of 127 salmon farming centers and 1519 sea pens, were regularly sampled from December 1999 to April 2002. A linear mixed-effects model (LME) approach was used to describe the infestations of a...