The bispectral index (BIS, Aspect Medical Systems, Inc. Newton, MA) is becoming the gold standard for assessing depth of anesthesia in adult patients. Indeed, BIS values are highly correlated with the concentration of hypnotic drugs such as propofol or sevoflurane (1–8). The BIS is derived from a large database of EEG traces obtained in adult patients under various conditions of anesthesia (9)....

Patients with molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) may manifest tooth hfypersensitivity and difficulties in undergoing dental treatment, including fear, anxiety, behavior problems the office. Then, objective of this study was to report a clinical case series using inhalation sedation nitrous oxide oxygen as strategy management MIH pediatric patients during treatment. Pediatric their legal gua...

Airway management is one of the most important aspects of pediatric anesthesia because of its inextricable relationship to the most important complication – the development of hypoxemia. This importance is further exemplified by the inherent differences in pediatric airway management when compared with adults. This chapter reviews the basics of pediatric airway management, with an emphasis on t...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate a dosage of remifentanil for attenuating cardiovascular changes during anesthetic induction in pediatric anesthesia. METHODS We examined the effect of remifentanil on the cardiovascular responses to intubation in 90 children ASA 1 patients, aged 4-15 years, randomly allocated to receive 1.0 ug/kg remifentanil as a bolus (R 1), or 1.5 ug/...

To the Editor: We recently conducted a telephone survey of pediatric anesthesia departments in 11 Canadian university centres. Department chiefs (or designates) were asked to identify current anesthesia practice and concerns for pediatric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In all 11 centres, care was provided by pediatric anesthesiologists, with ten centres having MRI compatible machines availab...

INTRODUCTION Anesthesia induction is a stressful event for children and their parents, and may have potentially harmful consequences on the patient's physiological and mental situation. Stressful anesthesia induction has psychological adverse effects that recur with repeated anesthesia, can lead to increased pediatric discomfort during the recovery period, and may even induce reactionary postop...

AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of cooling the soft tissue of injection sites on the pain perceptions of pediatric patients during the administration of local anesthesia for routine dental procedures. METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of 160 children aged 5-6 years were included in the present study. On a random basis, the subjects were allocated to the without ice pretreatmen...

Anesthesia for pediatric eye emergencies is predicted on prevention of a rise in intraocular pressure and avoidance of extrusion of the intraocular contents in the setting of a full stomach. Sedation or general anesthesia is frequently necessary for adequate examination of the eye.

External beam radiation therapy (XRT) has become one of the cornerstones in the management of pediatric oncology cases. While the procedure itself is painless, the anxiety it causes may necessitate the provision of sedation or anesthesia for the patient. This review paper will briefly review the XRT procedure itself so that the anesthesia provider has an understanding of what is occurring durin...