We report on a stereo system for 3D detection and tracking of pedestrians in urban traffic scenes. The system is built around a probabilistic environment model which fuses evidence from dense 3D reconstruction and image-based pedestrian detection into a consistent interpretation of the observed scene, and a multi-hypothesis tracker to reconstruct the pedestrians’ trajectories in 3D coordinates ...

Pedestrian safety is a serious concern at busy intersections and pedestrian campuses across the nation. Although crosswalks and signs inform pedestrians where to cross, there is no standard protocol for pedestrians to signal drivers that they wish to use the crosswalks, except to stand in or at the crosswalk. We examined the effects of two pedestrian prompts, a raised hand and extended arm, on ...

The aim of this chapter is to introduce the current researches focused on the modeling and simulation of crowds of pedestrians. Research efforts on this topic are aimed, on one hand, at improving the scientific investigation of crowd related phenomena and, on the other, at the exploitation of the developed models and simulators to support designers and decision makers in their activities by pro...

In an emergency situation, imitation of strategies of neighbours can lead to an order-disorder phase transition, where spatial clusters of pedestrians adopt the same strategy. We assume that there are two strategies, cooperating and competitive, which correspond to a smaller or larger desired velocity. The results of our simulations within the Social Force Model indicate that the ordered phase ...

Movement of people in a city forms a complex system, which includes street networks, traffic infrastructures (e.g. traffic lights, signs) as well as the actions of intelligent pedestrians and vehicles. Since increasing traffic has become a common problem all over the world recently, a peer-to-peer shared ride trip planning system is designed as a solution. With transportation client and host ag...

In this paper, the results and analysis of the measured data for multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) channels in indoor environment, in presence of pedestrian, are reported. The experiment used 4 sending and 4 receiving antennas and 114 OFDM sub-carriers for each transmission. The mean channel capacity and the dynamic range of the received power...

We propose a method for tracking multiple pedestrians using a binary sensor network. In our proposed method, sensor nodes are composed of pairs of binary sensors and placed at specific points, referred to as gates, where pedestrians temporarily change their movement characteristics, such as doors, stairs, and elevators, to detect pedestrian arrival and departure events. Tracking pedestrians in ...

The percentage of pedestrian deaths in traffic accidents is on the rise in Japan. In recent years, there have been calls for measures to be introduced to protect vulnerable road users such as pedestrians and cyclists. In this study, a method to detect and track pedestrians using an in-vehicle camera is presented. We improve the technology of detecting pedestrians by using the highly accurate im...

ABSTRACT Velocity Occupancy Space (VOS) is an algorithm used to perform real-time moving obstacle avoidance for Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs). Pedestrian safety and comfort must be ensured by the guidance algorithm when UGVs operate near pedestrians. Studies on human interactions are used to formulate desired behavior of the UGV as it avoids people. Then, VOS is enhanced with improved avoidan...

We present a 2-dimensional cellular automaton model for the simulation of pedestrian dynamics. The model is extremely efficient and allows simulations of large crowds faster than real time since it includes only nearest-neighbour interactions. Nevertheless it is able to reproduce collective effects and self-organization encountered in pedestrian dynamics. This is achieved by introducing a so-ca...