Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site where nascent polypeptides fold and assemble into proteins that are secreted, targeted for expression at the plasma membrane or directed to intracellular organelles. Mutations in the ER machineries that perform the quality control, assemble the protein complexes, export or send misfolded proteins for degradation could trigger ER-related diseases. In this r...

ABSTRACT The protease 3C is encoded by all known picornaviruses, and the structural features related to its RNA-binding activities are conserved; these contribute cleavage of viral polyproteins assembly RNA replication complex during virus replication. Furthermore, performs functions in host cell through interaction with proteins. For instance, has been shown selectively ‘hijack’ factors involv...

In spite of its incidence decreasing to 1% nowadays, prosthesis-related infection remains a research, diagnostic, therapeutic and cost-related problem. It can be defined as a presence of bacteria in the artificial joint space, which is significantly associated with evident laboratory and/or tissue markers, and clinical signs of running infection. We believe that the more precise understanding o...

Over 1.2 million people in the United States are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Tremendous progress has been made over the past three decades on many fronts in the prevention and treatment of HIV-1 disease. However, HIV-1 infection is incurable and antiretroviral drugs continue to remain the only effective treatment option for HIV infected patients. Unfortunately...

Current theories on the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) maintain that the associated cognitive and behavioral symptoms are caused by aberrant synaptic transmission affecting specific brain circuits. Transgenic mouse models have implicated the involvement of cell adhesion proteins in synaptic dysfunction and ASD pathogenesis. Recently, Aoto et al. (Cell 154: 75-88, 2013) has show...

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with choroidal detachment (RRDCD) is a complicated and serious type of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). In this study, we identified differentially expressed proteins in the vitreous humors of RRDCD and RRD using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) combined with nano-liquid chromatography-electrospray ion trap-mass sp...

Plants are recurrently exposed to myriads of biotic and abiotic stresses leading several biochemical physiological variations that cause severe impacts on plant growth survival. To overcome these challenges, plants activate two primary defense mechanisms, such as structural response (cell wall strengthening waxy epidermal cuticle development) metabolic changes, including the synthesis anti-micr...

Cholesteatoma is the growth of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear. It is associated with severe complications and has a poorly understood etiopathogenesis. Here, we present the results from extensive bioinformatics analyses of the first large-scale proteomic investigation of cholesteatoma. The purpose of this study was to take an unbiased approach to identifying alterations in p...

Fourteen cDNA clones of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, PR1a and PR1b of tobacco were obtained and classified into six groups based on restriction enzyme maps. To assign the groups to different classes of PR1 proteins, all the clones were partially sequenced and compared with amino acid sequences of PR1a and PR1b. Two groups of these corresponded to PR1a and four to PR1b. The results indica...

A novel stylar-specific glycosylated protein, sp41, was characterized. Sp41 constitutes greater than 12% of the transmitting tract tissue soluble proteins and is mainly localized in the extracellular matrix. Two cDNA clones corresponding to sp41 mRNA were isolated and sequenced. The decoded sequences are, respectively, 80% and 49% homologous to acidic and basic pathogen-induced (1-3)-beta-gluca...