BACKGROUND Evidence is inconsistent as to whether or not there are health inequalities in adolescence according to socio-economic position (SEP) and whether or when they emerge in early adulthood. Despite the large health inequalities literature, few studies have simultaneously compared the relative importance of 'health selection' versus 'social causation' at this life-stage. This study follow...

Standardization was the scheme that replaced meritocracy in Sri Lanka education, with positive discrimination to increase majority Sinhalese community’s university enrolment. It did so by minimizing better-qualified minority Tamils’ entry, even as quest for Tamil separatism gaining ground. The government claimed justified create a more balanced representation science-based fields, but it among ...

By analogy with the conjecture of Hirsch, we conjecture that the order of the largest total curvature of the central path associated to a polytope is the number of inequalities deflning the polytope. By analogy with a result of Dedieu, Malajovich and Shub, we conjecture that the average diameter of a bounded cell of an arrangement is less than the dimension. We prove continuous analogues of two...

In this paper we will prove certain Hadamard and Fejer-Hadamard inequalities for the functions whose nth derivatives are convex by using Caputo k-fractional derivatives. These results have some relationship with inequalities for Caputo fractional derivatives.

1. Linear Programming Problems 1.1. Formulation of Linear Programming Problems 1.2. Examples 1.3. Different Forms of Programs and Transformations 2. Primal and Dual Programs and Polyhedra 2.1 Duality 2.2. Linear Inequalities and Polyhedra 3. The Simplex Method 3.1. The Restriction-oriented Simplex Method 3.2. The Variable-oriented Simplex Method 3.3. Modifications of Methods and Problems 3.4. T...

In this paper, we develop a static electric power supply chain network equilibrium model with known demands and establish the equivalence between the model and a transportation network equilibrium model with fixed demands over an appropriately constructed supernetwork. This equivalence yields a new interpretation of electric power supply chain network equilibria in path flows. We then exploit t...

In a celebrated work by Shao [13] several inequalities for negatively associated random variables were proved. In this paper we obtain some maximal inequalities for associated random variables. Also we establish a maximal inequality for demimartingales which generalizes and improves the result of Christofides [4].

Over the past several years, many practitioners have been formulating nonlinear variational inequalities as mixed complementarity problems within modeling languages such as GAMS and AMPL. Sometimes the models generated are poorly specified, either because the function is undefined near the solution or the problem is ill-conditioned or singular. In this paper, we look at information provided by ...

This article explores three developments that arise from the fundamental theorem of Beardwood, Halton, and Hammersley on the asymptotic behavior of the shortest path through n random points. The first development concerns the role of martingales in the theory of shortest paths, especially their role in large deviation inequalities. The second development concerns the use of Lipschitz spacefilli...