Background: Ensuring adequate depth of anesthesia during surgery is essential for anesthesiologists to prevent the occurrence of unwanted alertness during surgery or failure to return to consciousness. Since the purpose of using anesthetics is to affect the central nervous system, brain signal processing such as electroencephalography (EEG) can be used to predict different levels of anesthesia....

The use of shape memory polymer composites is growing rapidly in smart structure applications. In this work, an active asymmetric composite called "controlled behavior composite material (CBCM)" is used as shape memory polymer composite. The programming and the corresponding initial fixity of the composite structure is obtained during a bending test, by heating CBCM above thermal glass transiti...

The recovery of voluntary quadrupedal locomotion after an incomplete spinal cord injury can involve different levels of the CNS, including the spinal locomotor circuitry. The latter conclusion was reached using a dual spinal lesion paradigm in which a low thoracic partial spinal lesion is followed, several weeks later, by a complete spinal transection (i.e., spinalization). In this dual spinal ...

Reliable channel estimation is indispensable for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems employing coherent detection and adaptive loading in order to achieve high data rate communications. Several options exist in practical OFDM systems—including training symbols, cyclic prefix, virtual carriers, pilot tones, and receiver diversity—to facilitate channel estimation. In this pa...

Background Steroid dementia has been reported since the 1970s. In current super-aged society, it increasingly receives attention because of growing number elderly people that are medicated with steroids for systemic rheumatic disease. Case Presentation We report two cases steroid were diagnosed as a result careful observation clinical symptoms and biological examination, including nuclear medic...

The uplink data rate region for interfering transmissions in wireless networks has been characterised and proven, yet its underlying model assumes a complete temporal overlap. Practical unplanned networks, however, adopt packetized eschew tight inter-network coordination, resulting packet collisions that often partially overlap, but rarely ever completely In this work, we report new design call...