We study the spectrum of forcing notions between the iterations of σ-closed followed by ccc forcings and the proper forcings. This includes the hierarchy of α-proper forcings for indecomposable countable ordinals α, the Axiom A forcings and forcings completely embeddable into an iteration of a σ-closed followed by a ccc forcing. For the latter class, we present an equivalent characterization in...

An identiication method for Preisach-type models of hysteresis is presented. By using a phenomenological Preisach-type model for hysteresis we can obtain an exact model for the magnetisation hysteresis in the cases of tapes with strip and with elliptical cross section geometries. With a parametrisation by Maclaurin series, it is possible to identify such a model for any other geometry. An addit...

The question of the interpretation of Wheeler-DeWitt solutions in the context of cosmological models is addressed by implementing the Hamiltonian constraint as a spinor wave equation in minisuperspace. We offer a relative probability interpretation based on a non-closed vector current in this space and a prescription for a parametrisation of classical solutions in terms of classical time. Such ...

The description of muon propagation through large depths of matter, based on a concept of the correction factor, is proposed. The results of Monte-Carlo calculations of this correction factor are presented. The parametrizations for continuous energy loss coefficients, valid in the broad interval of muon energies, and for the correction factor are given. The concrete calculations for pure water ...

We investigate observational constraints on the curvature of the universe not restricting ourselves to a cosmological constant as dark energy, in particular allowing a dark energy equation of state to evolve with time in several ways. We use type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) data from the latest gold data set which includes 182 SNeIa, along with the cosmic microwave background shift parameter and the ...

We introduce coordinates on the moduli spaces of maximal globally hyperbolic constant curvature 3d spacetimes with cusped Cauchy surfaces S. They are derived from the parametrisation of the moduli spaces by the bundle of measured geodesic laminations over Teichmüller space of S and can be viewed as analytic continuations of the shear coordinates on Teichmüller space. In terms of these coordinat...

The design of decentralised control schemes has two major aspects. The selection of the decentralised structure and then the design of the decentralised controller that has a given structure and addresses certain design requirements. This paper deals with the parametrisation and selection of the decentralized structure such that problems such as the decentralised pole assignment may have soluti...

We briefly introduce the Wick-contraction parametrization of hadronic matrix elements and discuss some applications to B and K physics. In spite of the progresses in non-perturbative techniques, the computation of hadronic matrix elements is still an open problem, particularly when the final state contains more than one meson. In this case, methods based on Euclidean field theory, such as QCD s...

A major challenge in the training of recurrent neural networks is the so-called vanishing or exploding gradient problem. The use of a norm-preserving transition operator can address this issue, but parametrization is challenging. In this work we focus on unitary operators and describe a parametrization using the Lie algebra u(n) associated with the Lie group U(n) of n× n unitary matrices. The e...