Arterial oxygen tensions (PaO2), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentrations, and circulating plasma volumes (PV) were measured in anesthetized rats ventilated with room air or 15, 10, or 8% O2 (n = 5-7). After 10 min of ventilation, PaO2 values were 80 +/- 3, 46 +/- 1, 32 +/- 1, and 35 +/- 1 Torr and plasma immunoreactive ANP (irANP) levels were 211 +/- 29, 229 +/- 28, 911 +/- 205, and 4,3...

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effect on the respiratory gas exchange of the 30 degrees head-down position and the complete covering of the face by sterile drapes. These are used to cannulate the internal jugular vein and position the pulmonary artery catheter in the cardiosurgical patient. During the two manoeuvres, 20 coronary patients and 10 patients with end-stage heart disease were supplied ...

Ultrastructural studies were made of operatively resected crista supraventricularis muscle in 59 patients with congenital heart diseases, or whom 54 had obstruction to right ventricular outflow. Relationships of anatomic diagnosis, age, peripheral arterial oxygen saturation (PAO2), peak right ventricular systolic pressure gradient and right ventricular end-diastolic pressure (RVEDP) to hypertro...

INTRODUCTION Nosocomial pneumonia (NP) and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) occur most frequently in intensive care units (ICU). This study seeks to determine the etiological agents of NP and VAP along with their antibacterial susceptibility patterns, and to evaluate the factors contributing to patient mortality. The impact of appropriate therapy in terms of three parameters (body temperat...

Arterial oxygenation, as measured by serial arterial blood gases (ABGs) and in vivo polarographic PaO2 during the rapid sequence induction of general endotracheal anesthesia, was evaluated in 20 ASA physical class IV subjects undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Subjects received a narcotic premedication 30-60 minutes prior to arrival in the operating room. Subjects in Gr...

Pulse oximetry, combined with spirometry, was evaluated as a method of selecting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) out-patients requiring definitive arterial blood gas analysis for long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) assessment. A relatively high screening arterial oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry (SaO2) level was set, in order to maximize sensitivity. All 113 COPD out-patients attend...

We evaluated the performance of the Radiometer TCM-1 Transcutaneous Oxygen Monitor in a Class III neonatal-intensive-care unit during an 11-month clinical trial (in excess of 4000 h) in which we monitored 115 infants ranging in gestational age from 25 to 43 weeks and in birthweight from 595 to 4220 g. In vitro transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (ptcO2) measurements were accurate within 1...

Eleven patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis of type II or III were investigated with regard to regional distribution of ventilation and perfusion (V/Q), alveolar gas exchange and diffusion limit at rest and during exercise. Lung volumes were 50-65% of normal values. Flow-volume curves indicated obstructive changes. The transfer factor was 75% (range 16-120%) of predicted. Perfusion scintigraphy ...

In the course of developing a model of inhalation injury, the relationship between the severity of pulmonary injury and specific techniques and doses of smoke exposure was examined in pairs of rabbits simultaneously exposed to smoke. In group I (5 pairs), one animal in each pair was exposed to smoke with a breath hold (BH) at the end of each exposure; the second animal received an exposure prod...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and conventional O2 therapy (OT) in paediatric cardiac surgical patients; the primary objective of the study was to evaluate whether HFNC was able to improve PaCO2 elimination in the first 48 h after extubation postoperatively. METHODS We conducted a randomized, controlled trial in pediatric cardiac surgical patien...