Human breast cancer is a major cause of global morbidity and mortality in women and it is a process that involves numerous molecular and cellular alterations attributed to environmental substances and agents such as hormones. Bisphosphonates, such as pamidronate, are potent antiresorptive drugs used to the treatment of metabolic bone disease, exerting anti-proliferative, anti-migratory and apop...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bone mineral density (BMD) in 23 patients aged 7-14 years with thalassemia major and to assess the alterations in bone density in a two-year follow-up study. METHOD BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline, after 12 months of treatment and two years later. Pamidronate t...

We appreciate the comments by Marcuzzi. Marcuzzi et al. (1) and we (2) showed that the pamidronate stimulates the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in mouse model and in human respectively. Although we measured the acute phase response caused by intermittent large dose aminobisphosphate whereas Marcuzzi emphasized on the inflammatory effect of aminobisphosphate and its reversal by geraniol...

We investigated acute effects of intermittent large dose bisphosphonate therapy in osteoporotic patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were incubated with alendronate (100 microM) for 18 hr, in vitro and cytokine expressions were measured by real-time RT-PCR. Pamidronate 30 mg was administered on 26 osteoporotic patients; and acute phase reactants, inflammatory cytokines and bone biomarke...

Results A 6-day-old girl was referred from province hospital due to lethargy, poor feeding and irritability. On examination, there were no dysmorphic features and apart from mild tachypnea, systematic examinations were normal. Her chest X-ray was also normal. Calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels at presentation were 17.3 mg/dL and 1,776 pg/mL, respectively. Firstly, she was managed with...

High bone turnover disorders are characterized by excessive osteoclastic activity resulting in loss of bone mass and quality, fractures, deformities, debilitating pain, loss of mobility and hypercalcemia. These complications have a major impact in quality of life, and control of osteoclast activity is critical to reduce or prevent these skeletal events. Over the last 2 decades bisphosphonates b...

Subcutaneous fat necrosis (SCFN) is a noninfectious panniculitis that occurs in term infants who experience significant distress in the 1st weeks of life, including hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Since the introduction of therapeutic hypothermia for HIE, there have been a few published case reports of SCFN, following this modality of treatment. Although, most cases of SCFN resolve spont...