In cooperatively breeding species, helping close relatives may provide important fitness benefits. However, helping can be energetically expensive and may result in increased generation of reactive oxygen species. Consequently, an oxidant/antioxidant imbalance can lead to higher oxidative stress susceptibility. Given the potential costs of helping, it may be that only individuals with a suffici...

The kidney is faced with unique challenges for oxygen regulation, both because its function requires that perfusion greatly exceeds that required to meet metabolic demand and because vascular control in the kidney is dominated by mechanisms that regulate glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption. Because tubular sodium reabsorption accounts for most oxygen consumption (Vo2) in the kidney, ...

Failure to maintain a normal in vivo erythrocyte half-life results in the development of hemolytic anemia. Half-life is affected by numerous factors, including energy balance, electrolyte gradients, reactive oxygen species, and membrane plasticity. The heterotrimeric AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that acts as a critical regulator of c...

OBJECTIVES Near-infrared spectroscopy monitors cerebral oxygen saturation. This parameter parallels jugular venous oxygen saturation and reflects the balance between cerebral oxygen supply and demand. Experience with near-infrared spectroscopy in univentricular physiology is limited. This study explores the relationship between cerebral oxygen saturation, jugular venous oxygen saturation, and o...

Although all cells are variously affected by oxygen, a few have the responsibility of monitoring oxygen tensions and initiating key homeostatic responses when P(O2) falls to critical levels. These ;oxygen-sensing' cells include the chemoreceptors in the gills (neuroepithelial cells), airways (neuroepithelial bodies) and vasculature (carotid bodies) that initiate cardiorespiratory reflexes, oxyg...

The survival rate of Penaeus monodon was monitored for a decade (2010-2019) in two shrimp culture ponds at Chemaguri located Sagar Island the Indian Sundarbans delta complex. exhibited significant variations terms cultured species, which is attributed to nitrate, phosphate, and dissolved oxygen. root cause such difference related variation stocking density species (10 PL20/m2 pond 1 25 2) resul...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To identify the following in individuals with chronic stroke: (1) the relationship between the maximal oxygen consumption (Vo(2)max) during cycle ergometry and the distance covered in the 6-min walk test (6MWT), and (2) the stroke-specific impairments that are important determinants for the 6MWT distance. DESIGN Cross-sectional study using a convenience sample. SETTING Exer...

Oxygen is a vital element for all living beings to continue their life activities and the main component of oxidant–antioxidant metabolism, which should be in balance. The free radicals formed as result this metabolic process organism constitute source oxidants; external factors (radiation, exposure sunlight, environmental pollution, cigarettes, etc.), inflammation microbial agents also cause f...

conclusions it seems that plantar changes have insignificant effect on static and dynamic indices evaluated by the biodex balance system. objectives the current study aimed to evaluate the relation between these structural characteristics and balance indices. patients and methods the study population was 100 male and female students from semnan university of medical sciences, semnan, iran. to e...

BACKGROUND/AIM Reactive oxygen species play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP) in animal models. Data on the oxidant-antioxidant balance in humans are scanty. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the dynamics of changes in the oxidant-antioxidant balance in the early phase of human AP. METHODS 74 consecutive patients with acute biliary pancreatitis (16 wi...