Technical Appendix Table. β-lactamase profiles of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli isolated in 2010 and 2011, France* Region of origin No. culture-positive patients/total no. patients Species No. isolates β-lactamase ESBL Carbapenemase pCASE Africa 33/87 E. coli 18 CTX-M-15 2 CTX-M-1 2 SHV-12 1 CTX-M-3 OXA-48 1 CTX-M-14 1 CTX-M-15 TEM-169 1 CTX-M-15 CMY-2 1 CTX-M-24 OXA-48 1 ND K. pneu...

The interrelationship between platinum resistance and clinical response is not well established. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the expression of 14 genes involved in platinum resistance in a colon cancer cell line (HT29) and its oxaliplatin (OXA)-resistant sublines. Resistant cells exhibited lower expression of many of these genes suggesting that several pathways may be implicated in...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was the evaluation of the performance of two commercially available biochemical tests for the rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae compared with a home-made technique. METHODS A collection of 150 enterobacterial isolates, including 132 isolates with decreased susceptibility to at least one carbapenem molecule, were tested for car...

Two clonally related Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, recovered from two patients admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit, were found to harbor a new OXA-2 variant (Asn148Asp), designated OXA-161. The plasmid location of bla(OXA-161) was demonstrated through electroporation to PAO1, and its codification in a class I integron (together with aacA4) was demonstrated through PCR and sequencing....

There is currently a lack of therapeutic options for patients with advanced colon cancer. Although certain chemotherapies are able to suppress the progression slightly, the response rate is low, and side effects of treatment and tumor recurrence continue to present problems for clinicians. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) has been identified to possess tumor-promoting properties. In the present ...

The catalytic efficiency of class D β-lactamases depends critically on an unusual carboxylated lysine as the general base residue for both the acylation and deacylation steps of the enzyme. Microbiological and biochemical studies on the class D β-lactamases OXA-1 and OXA-24 showed that the two enzymes behave differently when reacting with two 6-methylidene penems (penem 1 and penem 3): the pene...

In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, resistance to cefclidin is usually associated with resistance to another third-generation cephalosporin, ceftazidime. In this study we analysed 22 isolates of P. aeruginosa, collected at Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital between 1992 and 1993, which were resistant to cefclidin but susceptible to ceftazidime. All polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products amplified by ...

Sir, The worldwide emergence of carbapenemases is a major health issue leaving clinicians with few treatment options. Implementation of infection prevention and control (IPC) procedures relies on early detection of carbapenemase producers and distinction from other carbapenem resistance mechanisms. Various carbapenem hydrolysis methods allow detection of carbapenemase activity but do not differ...

Comparative evaluation of the recently developed chromogenic culture medium chromID OXA-48 (bioMérieux) with chromID CARBA (bioMérieux) and SUPERCARBA showed that chromID OXA-48 and SUPERCARBA media have the highest sensitivity for detection of OXA-48 producing Enterobacteriaceae (91% and 93%) comparatively to chromID CARBA (21 %). The chromID OXA-48 has the highest specificity, with 100%, as c...