The present study was conducted to reveal effects of in ovo injection of nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor (Fadrozole) or estradiol at day 3 of incubation on mRNA levels of P45017alphahydroxylase (P450c17), P450 aromatase (P450arom) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in the chicken gonads. The mRNA levels in the gonads at days 4-8 of incubation were assessed by in situ hybridization analysis using...

Plasmid DNA (pDNA)-based vaccines have emerged as effective subunit vaccines against viral and bacterial pathogens. In this study, a DNA vaccine, namely plasmid internal ribosome entry site-HN/F, was applied in ovo against Newcastle disease (ND). Vaccination was carried out using the DNA vaccine alone or as a mixture of the pDNA and dextran-spermine (D-SPM), a nanoparticle used for pDNA deliver...

BACKGROUND The developmental mechanisms underlying the persistence of myocardial accessory atrioventricular pathways (APs) that bypass the annulus fibrosis are mainly unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of epicardium-derived cells (EPDCs) in annulus fibrosis formation and the occurrence of APs. METHODS AND RESULTS EPDC migration was mechanically inhibited by in ovo microsu...

Multi-class cancer classification based on microarray data is described. A generalized output-coding scheme based on One Versus One (OVO) combined with Latent Variable Model (LVM) is used. Results from the proposed One Versus One (OVO) outputcoding strategy is compared with the results obtained from the generalized One Versus All (OVA) method and their efficiencies of using them for multi-class...

BACKGROUND Ocular vascular occlusion (OVO), first diagnosed during or immediately after giving birth, often reflects superposition of the physiologic thrombophilia of pregnancy on previously undiagnosed underlying familial or acquired thrombophilia associated with spontaneous abortion, eclampsia, or maternal thrombosis. SPECIFIC AIM We describe OVO, first diagnosed during pregnancy or immedia...

In Drosophila, compatibility between the sexually differentiated state of the soma and the sex chromosome constitution of the germline is required for normal gametogenesis. In this study, we defined important aspects of the soma-germline interactions controlling early oogenesis. In particular, the sex-specific germline activity of the ovarian tumor promoter was found to be dependent upon somati...

Increasing antibiotic resistance and ever stricter control on antibiotic use are a driving force to develop alternatives to antibiotics. One such strategy is the use of multifunctional Host Defense Peptides. Here we examined the protective effect of prophylactic treatment with the D analog of chicken cathelicidin-2 (D-CATH-2) against a respiratory E. coli infection. Chickens were treated with D...