Unconventional protein export/secretion (UPE/UPS), in contrast to the classical ER-Golgi-dependent of proteins with a leader sequence (signal peptide), employs multiple means release leaderless cargoes (and some special cases, sequence) extracellular space. By far, two major types UPE have been classified, vesicle-independent and vesicle-dependent UPE. In former, can directly tr...

The process of biological membrane fusion can be analysed by topological methods. Mathematical analysis of the fusion process of vesicles indicated two significant facts: the formation of an inner, transient structure (hexagonal phase - H(II)) and a translocation of some lipids within the membrane. This shift had a vector character and only occurred from the outer to the inner layer. Model memb...

Helicobacter pylori bacteria colonize the human stomach where they stimulate a persistent inflammatory response. H. pylori is considered noninvasive; however, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-enriched outer membrane vesicles (OMV), continuously shed from the surface of this bacterium, are observed within gastric epithelial cells. The mechanism of vesicle uptake is poorly understood, and this study was ...

Recycling of synaptophysin (p38), a synaptic vesicle integral membrane protein, was studied by the use of antisera raised against the protein purified from frog brain. When frog cutaneous pectoris muscles were fixed at rest, a bright, specific immunofluorescent signal was observed in nerve-terminal regions only if their plasma membranes had been previously permeabilized. When muscles were fixed...

In this work, we have used novel mAbs against two proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum and outer nuclear membrane, termed NEP-B78 and p65, in addition to a polyclonal antibody against the inner nuclear membrane protein LBR (lamin B receptor), to study the order and dynamics of NE reassembly in the Xenopus cell-free system. Using these reagents, we demonstrate differences in the timing of recru...

Abstract The plasma‐membrane marker FM1‐43 was employed to reveal the relative significance of different types endocytic and transcytic mechanisms in outer hair cells (OHCs) guinea‐pig cochlea. A double‐barrel local perfusion system used label independently apical or synaptic pole isolated OHC study vesicle uptake at poles trafficking along across cell. Treatment with an inhibitor macropino‐ ph...