Wheat is one of the most important crops in the world, and osmotic stress has become one of the main factors affecting wheat production. Understanding the mechanism of the response of wheat to osmotic stress would be greatly significant. In the present study, isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) was used to analyze the changes of protein expression in the wheat roots ex...

Osmotic stress activates the expression of many plant genes through ABA-dependent as well as ABA-independent signaling pathways. We report here the characterization of a novel mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, hos5-1, which exhibits increased expression of the osmotic stress responsive RD29A gene. The expression of several other stress genes are also enhanced by the hos5-1 mutation. The enhanced ...

Proline concentration has been often suggested as an indicator of osmotic stress. A better understanding of the genetics of this trait is however needed. In the present study, proline concentration has been assessed, together with root and stem growth, potassium, calcium and total soluble sugars concentration and stress injury symptoms, in seedlings of sunflower hybrids and their parents grown ...

Pulmonary artery wedge and plasma colloid osmotic pressures and their relationship to pulmonary edema were investigated in 26 patients with acute myocardial infarction of whom 14 developed pulmonary edema. In the absence of pulmonary edema, both the pulmonary artery wedge pressure and plasma colloid osmotic pressure were in normal range; after onset pulmonary edema, a moderate increase in pulmo...

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) coexists with vasopressin or oxytocin in magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial tract. Using quantitative in situ hybridization histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, we have studied the effects of adrenalectomy and chronic osmotic stimulation, either alone or in combination, on NPY mRNA expression and NPY immunoreactivity in magnocellular neurons of th...

The water relations of pepper plants (Capsicum frutescens L.) under conditions conducive to guttation were studied to evaluate the control of plant water stress with polyethylene glycols. The addition of polyethylene glycol 6000 to the nutrient solution resulted in water relations similar to those expected in soil at the same water potentials. Specifically, xylem pressure potential in the root ...

Measurements of osmotic equilibrium of colloidal solutions, ranging from 170,000 to 20,000 in molecular weight, show that the negative buoyancy of the solute molecules is additive to the osmotic pressure. Seen together with earlier measurements of positive buoyancy of oil suspensions, these data confirm that the osmotic interaction between solute and solvent at equilibrium is purely a force-cou...

this paper criticizes the model and the new definition for osmotic pressure given by parsafar et al. [j. sci. i. r. iran, vol. 10, no. 4, 233 (1999)]. the model is a closed system containing 1 kg of solvent plus m mole of solute at constant temperature and under pressure p0 + ? where p0 is the standard pressure and ? is the osmotic pressure of the corresponding m molal solution. while the total...

Background: People occasionally undergo medical diagnostic X-ray examinations and expose their red blood cells to radiation. Radiation that is generated from medical diagnostic X-ray machines is widely used in medical diagnoses. One of the important parameters is kilo-voltage (kV) that is applied across the X-ray tube in medical diagnostic X-ray machines. Kilo-voltage influences the radiation d...

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of three different conditions of osmotic pressure (325, 365 and 385 mOsm kg-1) in combination with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and NaCl or glucose on spermatozoa DNA damage, rate and duration of motility. Sperm was collected from eight healthy mature Mesopotamian catfish, evaluated microscopically and pooled at 25 °C. The pooled sperm samples...