OBJECTIVE To examine reading and related skills in children with and without orofacial clefts. METHODS Forty-two children with orofacial clefts were recruited from an urban craniofacial center. A demographically similar sample of 43 children without clefts was recruited using community advertisements and a research registry. Participants completed assessments of basic reading, phonological aw...

Diverse studies suggest that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) induce antinociception through inhibition of cyclooxygenases. In this study was evaluated the effect of NSAIDs to induce antinociception either alone or in combination in the formalin orofacial test of rodent. Male mice were injected intraperitoneally with dexibuprofen, dexktoprofen, diclofenac meloxicam, metamizol, and...

Cortical processing associated with orofacial somatosensory function in speech has received limited experimental attention due to the difficulty of providing precise and controlled stimulation. This article introduces a technique for recording somatosensory event-related potentials (ERP) that uses a novel mechanical stimulation method involving skin deformation using a robotic device. Controlle...

The management of chronic orofacial pain often follows a pattern of claims of efficacy based on clinical observations superseded by equivocal findings of effectiveness or belated recognition of toxicity. While therapeutic innovation spurred by genomics and proteomics is likely to result in new drugs for pain, inflammation, and neuropathic pain, the process of drug development and approval takes...

Chronic orofacial pain occurs frequently in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and at the same time any pathological process involving orofacial area can be reflected in emotional interpretation of pain and can trigger a series of reactions associated with the PTSD group of symptoms in patients with PTSD. Painful stimuli caused in this way may occur after the primary cause cease...

Head and orofacial pain originates from dental, neurologic, musculoskeletal, otolaryngologic, vascular, metaplastic, or infectious disease. It is treated by many health care practitioners, such as dentists, oral surgeons, and physicians. The article focuses on the nonpathologic involvement of the musculoskeletal system as a source of head and orofacial pain. The areas of the musculoskeletal sys...

BACKGROUND Trigeminal neuralgia is accompanied by severe mechanical, thermal and chemical hypersensitivity of the orofacial area innervated by neurons of trigeminal ganglion (TG). We examined the role of the voltage-gated sodium channel subtype Nav1.9 in the development of trigeminal neuralgia. RESULTS We found that Nav1.9 is required for the development of both thermal and mechanical hyperse...

effects of single versus repeated injection of botulinum toxin in orofacial formalin test in rats. Abstract Long-term effectiveness and repeated administration of botulinum toxin A are the basis for its use in both neuromuscular disorders and certain painful conditions. Botulinum toxin A has been recently approved for migraine treatment, and its off-label use extends to other craniofacial pain ...

Dear Editor, Orofacial clefts are the most common congenital anomalies of the head and neck and its incidence ranges from 1/500 to 1/2000 live births, depending on populations. Etiology of these anomalies is multifactorial and includes both environmental and genetic factors. Many teratogenic agents and factors in pregnancy are claimed to cause clefting, such as maternal smoking and hypoxia and ...

1Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran 2Department of Dental Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 3Programme in Experimental Medicine and Therapy, Doctoral School in Life and Health Sciences, Maxillofacial Surgery Section, Surgical Sciences Department, S. Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin,...