In this paper we investigate focusing properties of graded index (GRIN) photonic crystal (PC) structures which are composed of different materials with different refractive indices. GRIN PC structure is constructed from air holes in dielectric background. The holes radii are varied in the normal direction to the propagation in such a way that a parabolic effective refractive index is produced. ...

The conversion of an ordinary wave to an extraordinary wave in a 2D inhomogeneous slab model of the plasma confined by a sheared magnetic field is studied analytically.

Takayasu arteritis (TA) poses a diagnostic challenge as it may have myriad of clinical presentations. Dyspnea, an index presentation in TA, be secondary to the involvement aorta, myocardium, and/or pulmonary vessels, or can present manifestation infection with tuberculosis. Significant lymphadenopathy cannot attributed TA and serves point towards different diagnosis concomitant infection. Tuber...

A model describing the temperature effect of liquid crystal ~LC! refractive indices is derived and confirmed by experiment. Two single LC compounds ~5CB, 5PCH! and two mixtures ~MLC-6241-000 and UCF-35! with different birefringence values were used to validate the model. This model fits all the experimental data well. For a low-birefringence LC mixture, if the operating temperature is far below...

Complex refractive indices for supercooled sulfuric acid solution droplets in the mid-infrared spectral regime (wavenumber range 6000-800 cm(-1)) have been retrieved for acid concentrations ranging from 33 to 10 wt % H2SO4 at temperatures between 235 and 230 K, from 36 to 15 wt % H2SO4 at temperatures between 225 and 219 K, and from 37 to 20 wt % H2SO4 at temperatures between 211 and 205 K. The...