Motor-imagery tasks are a popular input method for controlling brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), partially due to their similarities to naturally produced motor signals. The use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in BCIs is still emerging and has shown potential as a supplement or replacement for electroencephalography. However, studies often use only two or three motor-imagery ta...

Motor imagery andactualmovement engage similar neural structures, however, whether they produce similar training-related corticospinal adaptations has yet to be established. The aim of this study was to compare changes in strength and corticospinal excitability following shortterm motor imagery strength training and short-term strength training. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was appli...

Abstract Cerebral blood flow was measured using positron emission tomography (PET) in three experiments while subjects performed mental imagery or analogous perceptual tasks. In Experiment 1, the subjects either visualized letters in grids and decided whether an X mark would have fallen on each letter if it were actually in the grid, or they saw letters in grids and decided whether an X mark fe...

The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Electrophysiological potentials reveal cortical mechanisms for mental imagery, mental simulation, and grounded (embodied) cognition. Frontiers in Psychology 3:329. Grounded cognition theory proposes that cognition, including meaning, is grounded in sen-sorimotor processin...

Physical and imagined movements show similar behavioral constraints and neurophysiological activation patterns. An inhibition mechanism is thought to suppress overt movement during motor imagery, but it does not effectively suppress autonomic or postural adjustments. Inhibitory processes and postural stability both deteriorate with age. Thus, older people's balance is potentially vulnerable to ...

BACKGROUND: For decades researchers assumed visual image generation was the province of the right hemisphere. The lack of corresponding evidence was only recently noted, yet conflicting results still leave open the possibility that the right hemisphere plays a role. This study assessed imagery generation in adult participants with and without right hemisphere damage (RHD). Imagery was operation...

The neurobiological processes underlying mental imagery are a matter of debate and controversy among neuroscientists, cognitive psychologists, philosophers, and biologists. Recent neuroimaging studies demonstrated that the execution of mental imagery activates large frontoparietal and occipitotemporal networks in the human brain. These previous imaging studies, however, neglected the crucial in...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate whether motor imagery training has a positive influence on upper extremity performance in stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-four patients were randomly assigned to one of the following two groups: motor imagery (n = 12) or control (n = 12). Over the course of 4 weeks, the motor imagery group participated in 30 minutes of motor ...

21 young males were asked to "image" or to "associate" to 10 words from each of 3 categories representing sex, hostility, and family relationships. Imagery was found to produce heightened GSR activity, more primary process, more direct representation of drives, and less effective defense. The superiority of visual imagery over verbal association as an uncovering technique was attributed to the ...

An Augmented Virtual Environment (AVE) provides a means of fusing dynamic imagery on a 3D model substrate. The AVE approach allows users to visualize and comprehend multiple streams of imagery (video and still images) in a four-dimensional context. The addition of projected live or recorded imagery to an otherwise static virtual environment creates an AVE. Our methods are described in the conte...