To the Editor: Alter et al. (1) use estimates of genetic diversity in eastern North Pacific gray whales, Eschrichtius robustus, to infer historic levels of abundance of this species in the North Pacific. However, the expected level of genetic diversity within local populations connected by gene flow to other populations is that of the global population (2). Alter et al. (1) assessed the possibl...

All-optical 4-bit Gray code to binary coded decimal (BCD) converter was demonstrated, for the first time in our knowledge, with the number of 12 SOAs by means of commercially available numerical analysis tool (VPI). Circuit design approach was modified appropriately in order to fit the electrical method on an all-optical logic circuit based on cross gain modulation (XGM) process so that signal ...

In this paper, we propose an advanced hyperspectral video imaging system (AHVIS), which consists of an objective lens, an occlusion mask, a relay lens, an Amici prism and two cameras. An RGB camera is used for spatial reading and a gray scale camera is used for measuring the scene with spectral information. The objective lens collects more light energy from the observed scene and images the sce...

today, the women from the half of the civil society population and from the perspective of security in the urban society, they are vulnerable social groups that their security is threatened in different ways. this study seeks to examine the factors affecting social security of women living in two neighborhoods in vanak and sarasiab. research theoretical model is composed (inspired by the views ...

Recent progress in micro-optics fabrication and optical modeling software opens the opportunity to investigate how microlenslet-array-based compact relay systems can be designed and assessed. We present various optical configurations that include an appropriate baffle computation to eliminate ghost images, followed by an analysis of image quality. The investigation shows the existing trade-off ...

objective: to evaluate the adnexal masses with conventional gray scale and color doppler flow imaging and to assess their diagnostic reliability to differentiate benign and malignant adnexal masses. materials and methods: we evaluated 30 patients with adnexal mass. morphological characterization of the mass was done using sassone score. color doppler parameters noted down in each patient and ca...

In this paper, we present two new, very efficient and accurate algorithms for computing optical flow. The first is a modified gradient-based regularization method, and the other is an SSD-based regularization method. To amend the errors in the image flow constraint caused b y the discontinuities in the brightness function, we propose to selectively combine the image flow constraint and the cont...