The proliferation of mobile devices has significantly changed the way users consume information. As a result, mobile data traffic has been increasing exponentially since 2009. According to current predictions, more than 24 exabytes of mobile traffic will be traversing operators’ networks by 2019, with 72% of this traffic being generated by multimedia. This shift in user behavior requires a thor...

Owing to the natural complexity and uncertainty of construction projects, more contracts tend add flexibility be able deal with emergencies, thus promoting smooth implementation projects. Contractual has a certain impact on contractors’ opportunistic behavior, but because lack relevant empirical studies, its influencing mechanism conclusions have been controversial. The purpose this paper is re...

Current studies on trust relationships and their impact project cooperation efficiency tends to start from a binary perspective of owners contractors; however, this viewpoint is problematized with the concept network-level trust. This study attempted reveal relationship between networks, opportunistic behaviours, among all participants public–private partnership (PPP) projects fill in research ...

Late instar larvae of the scuttle fly, Megaselia scalaris Loew, were found near the right eye of a live captive-reared western hognose snake, Heterodon nasicus Baird and Girard. Dissection and removal of the snake's dorsal cranial bones revealed tissue degradation of the infected eye, the optic nerve, and the brain case; we suggest that these factors contributed to the death of this snake. This...

The negotiation process can be understood as a framework around a transaction. Thus, the paper analyzes research on electronic negotiations of the transaction-costs perspective. It reflects the consideration of different origins of transaction costs within the particular negotiation phases. The evaluation suggests three future research directions: Opportunistic behavior in all electronic negoti...

We study experimentally how taxpayers choose between an income tax and a commodity tax to fund a public good. We find that voters support the income-tax regime, although they would earn higher payoffs in the alternative commodity-tax regime. We discuss and evaluate empirically alternative behavioral accounts to explain voting behavior. We find that inequality aversion and efficiency concerns ma...

The paper discusses the specific conditions under which the likelihood of contractual hazards is reduced and organizational equilibrium is ensured between the two parties of a contingent employment relationship: the highly-skilled contractor and his/her client-firm. In particular, it identifies the institutional norms, technical affordances, legal jurisdictions and social formations, as the con...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterium that exploits quorum sensing communication to synchronize individuals in a colony and this leads to an increase in the effectiveness of its virulence. In this paper we derived a mechanistic P systems model to describe the behavior of a single bacterium and we discuss a possible approach, based on an evolutionary algorithm, to tune its paramet...

Infinitely repeated interaction between a defendant and a plaintiff can enhance the credibility of cheap talk and improve efficiency in outcome that would be infeasible without cheap talk. The basic driving force is reputation effect. If the players are concerned about their reputation, cheap talk cannot be taken as meaningless even in a game where the interests of the players are sufficiently ...

Police patrols are used ubiquitously to deter crimes in urban areas. A distinctive feature of urban crimes is that criminals react opportunistically to patrol officers’ assignments. Compared to strategic attackers (such as terrorists) with a well-laid out plan, opportunistic criminals are less strategic in planning attacks and more flexible in executing them. In this paper, our goal is to recom...