Side-chain oligo- and polyglutamylation represents an important posttranslational modification in tubulin physiology. The particular number of glutamate units is related to specific regulatory functions. In this work, we present a method for the synthesis of building blocks for the Fmoc synthesis of peptides containing main chain glutamic acid residues that carry side-chain branching with oligo...

The alkoxybenzophenanthridine alkaloids (coralyne acetosulfate, fagaronine chloride, and nitidine chloride) have been reported to possess antileukemic activity in mice. These compounds were tested for inhibition of reverse transcriptase activity of an RNA tumor virus and DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase, and polyadenylic acid polymerase activities of NIH-Swiss mouse embryos. Reverse transcriptase...

Applications in a variety of fields rely on the high-throughput ultrasensitive and multiplexed detection of oligonucleotides. However, the conventional microarray-based techniques that employ fluorescent dyes are hampered by several limitations; they require target amplification, fluorophore labeling, and complicated instrumentation, while the fluorophore-labeled species themselves exhibit slow...

Cytoplasmic poly(A)-containing RNA from respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells was used as a template to synthesize oligo(dT)-primed cDNAs. Discrete size classes of single-stranded cDNAs, resolved by alkali agarose gel electrophoresis, were used separately to construct double-stranded cDNAs that were subsequently inserted into the plasmid vector pBR322 at the Pst I site by means of oligo(dG...

Progressive renal fibrosis is driven by a range of cytokines that act via membrane receptors and intracellular signaling cascades to evoke gene transcription events and related responses. The Ras family of GTPases has been implicated in many of these signaling cascades in model systems such as 3T3 fibroblasts. However, the roleof the specific Ras isoforms Ki, Ha, and N in the stimulation of ren...

Lipochitin oligosaccharides (LCOs) are signaling molecules required by ecologically and agronomically important bacteria and fungi to establish symbioses with diverse land plants. In plants, oligo-chitins and LCOs can differentially interact with different lysin motif (LysM) receptors and affect innate immunity responses or symbiosis-related pathways. In animals, oligo-chitins also induce innat...

MOTIVATION Central to many molecular biology techniques as ubiquitous as PCR and Southern blotting is the design of oligonucleotide (oligo) probes and/or primers possessing specific thermodynamic properties. Here, we use validated theoretical methods to generate distributions of predicted thermodynamic properties for DNA oligos of various lengths. These distributions facilitate immediate apprec...

Materials and methods 293 consecutive patients (f = 198; m = 95) diagnosed 1995–2006 participated. Median JIA onset age was 6 1/2 yrs for girls and 8 yrs for boys. ILAR classification: persistent-oligoarticular (p-oligo) 26%, extended-oligoarticular (e-oligo) 24%, polyarticularRF(poly-) 22%, polyarticularRF+ (poly+) 1%, enthesitis-associated (ERA) 16%, psoriatic (pso) 6% and systemic (sys) 5%. ...

Expression microarrays are commonly used to study transcriptomes. Most of the arrays are now based on oligo-nucleotide probes. Probe design being a tedious task, it often takes place once at the beginning of the project. The oligo set is then used for several years. During this time period, the knowledge gathered by the community on the genome and the transcriptome increases and gets more preci...

The more than 2,300-fold purification of a DNA polymerase from the embryos of Drosophila melanogaster is described. The enzyme, which forms a single band on gel electrophoresis, has a molecular weight of about 87,000 and a pH optimum of 8.5. A divalent metal is required for activity, Mg2+ being preferred with activated DNA, Mn2+ with homopolymer template-primers. The enzyme is inactivated compl...