OBJECTIVES The Korean version of the Sniffin' stick (KVSS) test is widely used in Korea to evaluate olfactory function. However, its validity and reliability have not been studied well. In this study, the authors administered the KVSS and the T%T olfactometer test to evaluate olfactory function and to establish relationships between these two test measures. METHODS Two hundred and eleven pati...

Bad phenomena about functional over-related classes and confused inheritances in programs will cause difficulty in programs comprehension, extension and maintenance. In this paper it is defined as a new bad smell Functional over-Related Classes. After the analysis, the characteristics of this new smell are transformed to the large number of entities dependency relationships between classes. So ...

The losses in taste and smell that occur with advancing age can lead to poor appetite, inappropriate food choices, as well as decreased energy consumption. Decreased energy consumption can be associated with impaired protein and micronutrient status and may induce subclinical deficiencies that directly impact function. Most nutritional interventions in the elderly do not compensate for taste an...

The importance of olfaction for various avian behaviors has become increasingly evident. So far, the use of olfaction for food detection among raptors has only been demonstrated for Cathartes vultures. The Oriental honey buzzard (Pernis orientalis) is a resident and migrant in Taiwan and regularly forages in apiaries. One of its foods in apiaries is yellow pollen dough, a softball-sized mixture...

Background and Objectives Olfactory gustatory dysfunctions have been known as characteristic symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the study clinical features olfactory in COVID-19 is still insufficient. Subjects Method Mild patients who complained or telephone monitoring from March 8 to April 8, 2020 were included this study. Patient information was collected using a Google...

Purpose Patients with breast cancer (BC) in Area 2 KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, often present with advanced disease. We performed a review of the patients' sociodemographic characteristics and their reasons for late presentation to identify what changes could be made to improve time to presentation. Patients and Methods Fifty women with T1, T2, T3, or T4 BC were assessed for sociodemographic ...