Total lipid and phospholipid recovery as well as amino acid quality and composition from cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) and sardine (Sardina pilchardus) were compared. Enzymatic hydrolyses were performed using the three proteases Protamex, Alcalase, and Flavourzyme by the pH-stat method (24 h, pH 8, 50 degrees C). Three fractions were generated: an insoluble sludge, a soluble aqueous phase, and...

This work aims at selecting a suitable strategy to accelerate the start-up of the anaerobic treatment of olive mill wastewater (OMW) and to enhance the biogas production. Two anaerobic sludges were tested in toxicity and biodegradability batch experiments: biomass acclimated to oleate (BAO) and biomass non-acclimated (BNA). The results showed that the resistance to OMW toxicity was higher for t...

A micro-optical Fabry–Perot cavity fabricated by non-linear laser lithography on the endface of a standard telecom fiber is tested here as a microsensor for identifying oily liquids. The device operates within the 1550 nm spectral region, while the spectra recorded in reflection mode correlate to the refractive index of the oily liquids used, as well as, to the diffusion dynamics in the time do...

Heterogeneous oily waste from an old dumping site was composted in three windrows constructed from different proportions of waste, sewage sludge, and bark. The objectives of this pilot study were to examine the usefulness of composting as a treatment method for this particular waste and to study decontamination in the composting process by using a battery of toxicity tests. Five samples from th...

In healthy volunteers pilocarpine in an oily solution had a greater degree and duration of effect on the pupil than the same amount of drug given in aqueous solution. Blue- and brown-eyed subjects had similar degrees of miosis, but the time taken to reach peak effects was longer with the latter. It can be concluded that eye drops made with an oily solvent may provide an improvement in the treat...

In the movie "Grease," John Travolta may not have been referring to fries, donuts, and pizza when he sang "You're the One That I Want," but it's not difficult to understand why greasy foods hold a special place on our taste buds. Although eating foods that are high in cholesterol [2] may contribute to gallbladder problems, not all greasy and oily foods are high in cholesterol. And for some good...

Alternate cycling of sludge in aerobic, anoxic, and anaerobic regimes is a promising strategy that can reduce the sludge yield of conventional activated sludge (CAS) by up to 50% with potentially lower capital and operating cost than physical- and/or chemical-based sludge minimisation techniques. The mechanisms responsible for reducing sludge yield include alterations to cellular metabolism and...

The literature on reduction of excess sludge production by ozonation is summarized. Two sequencing batch reactor experiments where sludge is ozonated for this purpose are performed. The purpose of these is to evaluate the prospects of using ozonation to reduce excess sludge production in two different kinds of sludge. Urban sewage sludge is used in the first, and paper mill sludge in the second...

The discharge of large amounts oily sludge heat treatment residues constitutes a severe threat to the environment. However, little is known about toxicity these heat-treated residues. Current research has mainly focused on toxic effects single heavy metals or hydrocarbons plants, whereas phytotoxic hydrocarbon–metal mixtures have remained largely unexplored. In this study, pot experiments were ...