The identification of the forces that drive oil stock prices is extremely important given the size of the Oil&Gas industry and its links with the energy sector and the environment. In the next decade oil companies will have to deal with international policies to contrast climate change. This issue is likely to affect companies' shareholder values. In this paper we focus on the long-run financia...

The European Union carbon market is undergoing rapid development and its interdependence with fossil fuel markets is increasingly important for energy investors. In this study, exponential general autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic models, extreme value theory and copulas are used to evaluate downside risk through the traditional value-at-risk and expected shortfall measurements. Empiri...

The use of GARCH models to characterize crude oil price volatility is widely observed in the empirical literature. In this paper the efficiency of six univariate GARCH models and two methods of estimation the parameters for forecasting oil price volatility are examined and the best method for forecasting crude oil price volatility of Brent market is determined. All the examined models in this p...

Turbine oil plays an important role in supporting optimal steam turbine performance. Some additives in turbine oil can cause emulsification when the oil is contaminated by water, so demulsibility is a very important property of the steam turbine oil. In order to improve the demulsibility of steam turbine oil, two kinds of polyether-silicone comb copolymers are synthesized and used as steam turb...

the composition of the essential oils of two african (“white” and “yellow”) olibanums available in the commercial market of isfahan (iran) was analyzed by gas chromatography (gc) and gc-mass spectroscopy methods. the main constituents of the “white” olibanum oil were alpha-pinene (34.8%), limonene (15.9%), alphathujene (9.0%), para-cymene (7.0%), myrcene (6.2%) and sabinene (6.0%). major compon...

a r t i c l e i n f o JEL classifications: G34 L71 M20 Keywords: Takeovers Mergers & acquisitions Oil and gas industry Oil reserves Energy Can broad factors such as natural resources endowment and global commodity markets influence corporate takeovers? This paper theorizes that managers are motivated in mergers and acquisitions to purchase energy reserves and to time the commodity market in the...